Surgery

Question 1

TPN BAG

Answer 1

Total parentral nutrition
Bigger compartment consist of electrolytes and vitamins
Smaller compartment consist of fat and proteins

Question 2

BEST VEIN FOR CPN

Answer 2

Subclavian vein

Question 3

BEST VEIN FOR CPN WITH TRAUMA

Answer 3

Internal jugular vein

Question 4

LIVER FUNCTIONS

Answer 4

Detoxification of blood
Production of imp clotting factors,albumin,proteins
Metabolizing medications
Processing of waste products of rbc 
And other cell
Storing vitamins ,fat,cholesterol,bile
Production of glucose during 
Gluconeogenesis ,release during starvation

Question 5

AST AND ALT

Answer 5

Ast—aspartate amino transferase
Or sgot
Alt—alanine amino transferase or sgpt
If the liver is injured its amount increases in blood

Question 6

BLOOD TEST FOR LIVER FUNCTION

Answer 6

Prothrombin time-measure bloods ability to normal clotting and prevention of bleeding,this is the function pf clotting factors produced by liver
Albumin level—hypoalbuminemia:albumin produced in the liver ,a low level of albumin in the liver suggestive of chronic liver disesase ,liver cirrhosis
Bilrubin—:is a byproduct of destruction of rbc in liver,normal level of rbc-0.1-1.0 mg
Platellet count: may be reason of liver disease
Glucose: decreased in liver injury
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase —:abnormal amount shows liver damage
ALP:alkaline phosphatase, the liver synthesis highest amount of this so high level in blood shows liver damage

Question 7

ANTEMORTEM BLISTERS

Answer 7

Content:inflammatory fluid present
Edges:line of redness present
Base:erythmic base

Question 8

POSTMORTEM BLISTERS

Answer 8

Content : gas bubble
Edges:line of redness absent
Base:pale

Question 9

POLYSACHARIDE CAPSULATED BACTERIA

Answer 9

Pneumococcus,meningococcus, heamophilus influenza,kleibsheilla pneumoniae,psudomonas auringinosa,bacteroides fragilis,bordetella pertusis,clostridium perferinges

Question 10

POLYSACHARIDE CAPSULATED FUNGUS

Answer 10

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 11

POLYPEPTIDE CAPSULATED BACTERIA

Answer 11

Bacillus anthracis

Question 12

HYLAURONIC ACID CAPSULATED BACTERIA

Answer 12

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 13

FI PROTEIN CAPSULATED

Answer 13

Yerisina pestis

Question 14

FLUID OF CHOICE IN HEOMHARAGIC SHOCK

Answer 14

Crystalloids

Question 15

CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS

Answer 15

Cholera:tetracycline
Diphtheria:erythromycin
Plague: tetracycline
Meningococcal meningitis: sulphadiazine

Question 16

BACTERIA INCREASING CAMP

Answer 16

Bordetella perutissis
Bacillus anthracis
Vibrio cholerae
Entero toxigenic e coli

Question 17

BLOOD STORED IN

Answer 17

Old:citrate phosphate dextrose(3wks)
New:saline adenine glucose mannitol(45days)

Question 18

IMP FEATURES OF CLASS 2 HEOMHARAGIC SHOCK

Answer 18

Pulse rate increase
RR increase
SBP normal
UO normal

Question 19

PRBC BLOOD TRANSFUSION

Answer 19

2-6degred celcius

Used in anemia

Question 20

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

Answer 20

-30-40 degree
Used in bleeding dosorder
Consist of factor 2 7 9 10

Question 21

CRYOPRESERPITATE

Answer 21

30-40 degree
Consist of factor 8
Used in heamophilia

Question 22

PLATELLETS BLOOD TRANSFUSION

Answer 22

Stored in room temp

Used in dengue heomharage

Question 23

UNIVERSAL DONOR

Answer 23

O

Question 24

UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT

Answer 24

Ab

Question 25

SUTURE LEADING TO ENZYMATIC REACTION

Answer 25

Catgut suture

Question 26

SUTURE USED IN LINEA ALBA CLOSURE

Answer 26

Polydiaoxanone

Question 27

POSITIONAL ASPHYSIA SEEN IN WHICH POSITION

Answer 27

Jackknife position

Question 28

MOST COMMON ORGANISM CAUSING SURGICAL SITE INFECTION

Answer 28

Staphylococcus eppidermidis

Question 29

ATELACTISIS

Answer 29

Complete or partial collapse of entire lung area ,lobe of lung. It happens when tiny air sacs(alveoli) in the lung become deflated or filled with alveolar fluid
Complication after surger:-use incentive spirometry