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Fmge > Fmge2 > Flashcards

Fmge2 Flashcards

1
Q

CULTURE MEDIA

1) SMAC
2) WILSON AND BLAIR MEDIUM
3) POTTASIUM TELLURITE IN MCLEODS MEDIUM
4) DEOXY CHOLATE CITRATE AGAR

A

1) sarbito mac conkey medium: e.coli
2) salmonella typhi
3) coreynebacterium species
4) shigella salmonella e coli

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2
Q

DENOVANOSIS

A

Genital ulcerative disease caused by intracellular gram negative bacteria klebsheilla granulomatosis
Symptoms are one or more painless lumps in the genitalia,anal region
Lumps slowly get larger and then ulcerates ,bleed ,have rolled edge

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3
Q

MOST COMMON LYMPH NODE INVOLVED IN CA OF CERVIX

A

Obturator lymph node

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4
Q

FUNGAL INFECTION ACQUIRED BY TRAUMATIC INOCULATION

A

Sporothrix

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5
Q

URETHRITIS

A

Inflammation of urethra
Mainly caused by neiseria gonnorhea,chlamydia trachomatis,trichomonas
Sympt:burning sensation during urinating
Itching or burning near opening of penis
Presence of blood in semen or urine
Discharge from penis
Treatment: azithromycin,dicycyclin,ceftriaxone

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6
Q

MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA

A

Is a type of severe reaction that occurs in response to perticular medication used during general anesthasia amoung those who are succeptible

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7
Q

MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA SYMPTOMS

A

Hyperthermia,tachy cardia ,tachypnea(ventricular ectopy),increased co2 production,respiratory acidosis,increased oxygen consumption,muscle rigidity,rhamdomyolysis,hyperkalemia,elevated creatinine kinase,serum and urine myoglobin

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8
Q

MECHANISM OF MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA

A

Person succeptible to MH, the ryanodine receptor in skeletal muscle is abnormal ,these interferes with regulation of calcium in muscle, this abnormal ryanodene receptor that controll calcium release causes build up of calcium in skeletal muscle leading massive metabolic reaction

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9
Q

WHICH IS THE MAIN TRIGGER FOR MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA

A

The cause MH ARE USE of volatile anesthetic agents such as succinyl choline

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10
Q

TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT HYPER THERMIA

A

Dandrolene(2.5/kg)(dantrium,ryanodex,revonto)

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11
Q

TREATMENT OF ARYTHMIAS

A

Amiadarone,flecainide,ibutilide,

,lidocaine,procainamide,quinidine,propafenone

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12
Q

METAPROLOL

A

Selective beta beta receptor blocker
Used to treat high blood preasure,chest pain due to poor vlood flow to heart,heart failure, angina, used in maligannt hyperthermia

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13
Q

DILITAZEM

A

Calcium channel blocker, used to treat high blood preasure , angina and certain arythmias, it can also be used in hyperthyroidism if beta blockers cannot be used

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14
Q

MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA

A

Is a type of severe reaction that occurs in response to perticular medication used during general anesthasia amoung those who are succeptible

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15
Q

BREAST FIBROCYTIC CHANGES

A

associated with hormonal imbalance (increased estrogen to progesterone ratio)
Decresed risk with oral contraceptives
They may be
Proliferative—:adenosis,hyperplasia
Non proliferative—:cysts
Proliferative fibrocytic change asoociated with increased risk of breast cancer
Fibrocytic change includes fibroadenomas ,fibrosis papilomas

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16
Q

X LINKED RECESIVE DISORDERS

A

Duchene muscular dystrophy
Wiskot aldrich syndrome
Lesch nyhan syndrome

17
Q

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE DISORDERS

A 
Freidreich ataxia
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Alkaptonuria
Alpha anti trypsin defeciency
Phenylketonuria 
Wilson disease
18
Q

LARYE SIGN

A

Carotid body tumours causes splaying of internal and external carotid arteries
Seen on angiography

19
Q

CAROTID BODY TUMOUR

A

Highly vascular glomus tumours that arise from the paraganglion cells of carotid body
Splaying of internal and external carotid artery seen

20
Q

MEINERS DISEASE

A 
Is a disorder of inner ear that can lead to dizzy spells (vertigo) and hearing loss
Causes ringing sound in ear
Stmptoms::
Vertigo
Loss of hearing in effected ear
Tinnitus(sensation of ringing)
Aural fullness or feeling of ear plugged
Loss of balance
Headaches
21
Q

TYPICAL OR SPECIFIC FEATURES OF MEINERS DISEASE

A 
Aural fullness
Fluctuating sensoneural deafness
Fluctuating tinnitus
Episodic vertigo
Episodic tinnitus not pulsatile tinnitus
Pulsatile tinnitus is caused from blood curculating near ear
22
Q

A CASE OF CARCINOMA LARYNX
WITH INVOLVEMENT OF ANTERIOR COMMISURE AND RIGHT VOCAL CORD DEVELOPED PERICHONDRITIS OF THYROID CARTILAGE
MANAGEMENT

A

Undergo laryngectomy and then post operative radiotherappy

23
Q

HYPERACUSIS IN BELLS PALSY IS DUE TO WHICH MUSCLE

A

Stapedius:—protective muscle in ear paralysed when 7th nerve damaged

24
Q

BELLS PALSY

A

Temporary weaknes or paralysis of the muscles of face
Mal function of facial nerve(cranial nerve 7)
Most common form of facial paralysis
Paralysis proceeded by pain behind the ear
Presence of incomplete paralysis in ist week is the most favourable prognostic sign

25
Q

MOST COMMON ETIOLOGICAL AGENT IN PARANASAL SINUS MYCOSES

A

Aspergillus spp

26
Q

TREATMENT OF CHOICE IN 6 YR OLD CHILD WITH RECCURENT URTI WITH MOUTH BREATHING AND FAILURE TO GROW WITH HIGH ARCHED PALATE AND IMPAIRED HEARING

A

Adeneodectomy with grommet insertion

27
Q

GROMMET INSERTION

A

Grommets are inserted into eardrums to allow air to pass in and out of middle ear and through ear drum ,this keeps air preasure on either side equal and prevents fluid from forming behind eardrum

28
Q

HBSAG

A

Surface antigen of hepatitis b virus
Indicates current hepatitis b infection
HbsAG TEST is based on the immunochromatography assays

29
Q

NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION OCCURS WITHIN

A

48 hours

30
Q

ONSET OF SYMPTOM AND FOOD POISIONING

1) CAMPHYLOBACTER
2) CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM
3) CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGES
4) E COLI
5) GIARDIA LAMBLIA
6) HEPATITIS A
7) LISTERIA
8) NOROVIRUS
9) ROTA VIRUS
10) SALMONELLA
11) SHIGELLA
12) STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
13) VIBRIO VULNICUS

A

1) 2-5 days
2) 12-72 hours
3) 8-16 hours
4) 1-8 days
5) 1 -2 weeks
6) 28 days
7) 9-48 hours
8) 12-48 hours
9) 1-3 days
10) 1-3 days
11) 1-3 days
12) 1-6 hours
13) 1-7 days

31
Q

PREDOMINANT CELL POPULATION IN INTRA EPITHELIAL REGION OF MUCOSA OF INTESTINE

A

T cells

32
Q

MOST COMMON BENIGN TUMOUR OF NASOPHARYNX

A

Juvenile nasipharyngeal angiofibroma

33
Q

POISION CAUSING DELIRIUM

A

Dathura

34
Q

SPECIMEN CONTAINING VIRAL PARTICLES PRESERVED IN

A

Glycerine

35
Q

DRUGS THAT HAVE ACTION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR

A

GENTAMYCIN::- TETRACYCLINE(doxycycline,tetracycline)
is a1) protein synthesis inhibitor acting on 30 s ribosomal subunit within bacterial cells
2)protein synthesis inhibitor acting on 50 s subunit::
MACROLIDES::—-(clarithromycin,erythromycin)
CLINDAMYCIN
Linezolid
CLOREMPHENICOL
FUSIDIC ACID

36
Q

CELL WALL SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS

A 
BETA LACTAMS(penicills , cephalosporin,carbapenems,monobactem)
NON BETA LACTAMS(glycopeptides,polymyxins)
37
Q

FOLATE SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR DRUGS

A

TRIMETHOPRIM

SULPHONAMIDES

38
Q

DNA SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR DRUGS

A

Flouroquinoles(ciprofloxacin,levofooxacin)

METRONIDAZOLE

39
Q

RNA SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR DRUGS

A

Rifampicin

Fmge (17 decks)

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