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Surg Tech 102 > Surg Tech 102--Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Surg Tech 102--Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

When are patients admitted to the PACU?

A

Immediately after surgery

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2
Q

Once all monitoring devices are in place and the patient is stable, the circulating nurse performs a _____ to the PACU nurse.

A

handover (also called a hand-off)

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3
Q

The circulating nurse provides _____ to update the PACU nurse on the patient’s _____ before and during surgery.

A

all information needed

physiological status

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4
Q

True or False: The circulating nurse and ACP remain with the patient until the handover is complete.

A

True

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5
Q

The following information is provided during the handover:

A
  • A brief patient history
  • The exact surgery performed (including side and site)
  • Total length of time anesthesia was delivered and the drugs given (amounts and routes are also given)
  • Estimated blood loss and the amount and type of IV fluids or blood administered. (Type and amount of blood is reported)
  • Condition of the wound, drain, and other devices
  • ASA score
  • Any surgical or medical complications that occurred during surgery
  • Information about family members who may be waiting
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6
Q

After accepting the handover, the PACU nurse performs a _____.

A

patient assessment

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7
Q

The PACU nurse’s assessment can be either a _____ or a _____.

A

focused assessment

head to toe assessment

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8
Q

Focuses on specific criteria, such as respiration, circulation, pain, and level of consiousness

A

focused assessment

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9
Q

The assessment that covers all or most body systems.

A

head to toe assessment

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10
Q

The airway is assessed by _____.

A

auscultation

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11
Q

When checking the respiratory system, the respiratory _____ and _____ are measured

A

rate and rhythm

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12
Q

What is perfusion?

A

The flow of blood to tissue

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13
Q

How is perfusion measured?

A

pulse oximeter

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14
Q

The color of the patient’s skin is checked for _____.

A

hypoxia

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15
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

inadequate oxygen to tissues

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16
Q

The heart is monitored for rate and rhythm using _____.

A

ECG and cardiac monitor

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17
Q

What are arterial blood gases (ABG)?

A

The ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide and the blood pH

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18
Q

What is a serious post-op complication?

A

hypothermia

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19
Q

The abdomen is assessed for _____.

A

distention

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20
Q

How is the abdomen assessed for distention?

A

observation, palpation, and radiographs

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21
Q

Bowel sounds are assessed by _____.

A

auscultation

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22
Q

A persistent lack of bowel sounds may indicate surgical _____.

A

paralytic ileus

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23
Q

What is surgical paralytic ileus?

A

Cessation of peristalsis in the bowel leading to obstruction

24
Q

The patients level of consciousness is assessed using the _____.

A

Glasgow Coma Scale (GSC)

25
Q

What are the three categories of the GSC?

A
  • Eye opening
  • Best verbal response
  • Best motor response
26
Q

What are the most frequent life-threatening postoperative complications?

A

respiratory problems

27
Q

Can be related to the effects of anesthetic drugs, muscle relaxants, or fluid-electrolyte imbalance.

A

Inadequate ventilation

28
Q

Inadequate intake of air and oxygen results in the accumulation of _____ in the blood.

A

carbon dioxide

29
Q

Pain at the operative site is another cause of _____, resulting in low oxygen saturation.

A

hypoventilation

30
Q

Most often caused by anatomical structures or by aspiration of fluids.

A

airway obstruction

31
Q

Contraction of the laryngeal muscles

A

laryngospasm

32
Q

This can occur whenever the larynx is irritated or stimulated by secretions, intubation, extubation, or suctioning.

A

laryngospasm

33
Q

Partial or complete closure of the bronchial tubes.

A

bronchospasm

34
Q

Can be triggered by airway suctioning, aspiration of fluid, or allergy.

A

bronchspasm

35
Q

Inhalation of secretions or stomach contents.

A

aspiration

36
Q

Associated with a weak gag reflex related to the use of narcotics, sedatives, and anesthetic agents.

A

aspiration

37
Q

The collapse of the lung.

A

atelectasis

38
Q

Who are particularly vulnerable to atelectasis?

A

smokers

39
Q

The blockage of a pulmonary vessel by air, a blood clot, or other substance.

A

pulmonary embolism

40
Q

A pulmonary embolism can result in _____.

A

anoxia

41
Q

What is anoxia?

A

decreased oxygen to the lung tissue

42
Q

The risk of pulmonary embolism is increased in patients with a history of _____.

A

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

43
Q

_____ can occur as a result of fluid or electrolyte imbalance.

A

hypotension or hypertension

44
Q

A persistently low core body temperature (less than 98.6).

A

hypothermia

45
Q

Who are most vulnerable for hypothermia?

A

elderly, pediatric, and frail patients

46
Q

Can result in a longer post-op recovery period, surgical wound infection, cardiac ischemia, and reduced ability to metabolize drugs.

A

hypothermia

47
Q

A rare condition that results in an extremely high core body temperature, cardiac dysrhythmia, tachypnea, hypoxia, and hypercarbia.

A

malignant hyperthermia (MH)

48
Q

Potentially fatal and occurs most commonly at the time of administration of anesthesia.

A

malignant hyperthermia (MH)

49
Q

Can be triggered by inhalation anesthetic and succinylcholine.

A

malignant hyperthermia (MH)

50
Q

What is administered as soon as malignant hyperthermia (MH) is diagnosed?

A

dantrolene sodium

51
Q

Physiological, psychological, and social conditions that serve as a measure of the patient’s readiness for discharge.

A

discharge criteria

52
Q

A scale that is often used to determine whether a patient is ready for discharge.

A

Aldrete scale

53
Q

What does the Aldrete scale evaluate?

A

activity, respiration, circulation, consciousness, and oxygen saturation

54
Q

Patient teaching is the responsibility of _____.

A

trained nursing personnel

55
Q

When was the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses (ASPAN) organized?

A

1980

56
Q

Established standards of practice for the post-op care of diverse populations, such as pediatric, adult, and geriatric patients.

A

American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses (ASPAN)

57
Q

What are the 4 areas ASPAN identified as specific phases of care?

A
  • Preanesthesia phase
  • Postanesthesia phase I
  • Postanesthesia phase II
  • Remote postanesthesia phase III

Surg Tech 102 (15 decks)

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