Surfactant lung disease or respiratory distress syndrome in Children Flashcards
what basically is respiratory distress syndrome?
lung disease caused by ↓surfactant
biggest RF?
pre-term
normal physiology of when and what makes surfactant?
At 32 weeks gestation > type 2 pneumocytes starts making surfactant
surfactant function?
lowers surface tension
effect of lowering surface tension on alveoli?
alveoli do not collapse
type 2 pneumocytes can be triggered with what class of drugs?
corticosteroids
how does being pre-term cause respiratory distress syndrome?
pre -term > ↓surfactants > alveoli collapse > Resp Distress signs
how can you prevent respiratory distress syndrome in potentially pre-term babies?
- 2 drug names
- when do you give drugs
give betamethasone/dexamethasone
give 7 days before birth
Other RF for respiratory distress syndrome?
-3
male sex
diabetic mum
C-sections
respiratory distress syndrome aka?
Surfactant Leg Disease
what signs will be seen for a neonate with respiratory distress syndrome?
-4
(just the classic resp distress signs basically)
Tachypnoea
Exp Grunting
Recession
Use accessory muscles
1st line Ix for suspected respiratory distress syndrome?
CXR
main positive feature on the CXR?
bilateral “ground glass” appearances
what other Ix do you aside from CXR?
-2
why do you do them?
O2 sats + CBG = for monitoring
1st line mainstay Mx?
Nasal CPAP to give O2
