croup (PIV, paraninfuelnza virus)

Question 1

Croup aka?

Answer 1

laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 2

Croup define?

Answer 2

= viral infection of larynx, trachea and upper bronchi causing stridor and barking cough in infants & toddlers.

Question 3

Stridor happens why?

Answer 3

larynx swollen > narrowed

Question 4

2 main symptoms of croup?

Answer 4

Stridor

Barking cough

Question 5

Croup is URTI or LRTI?

Answer 5

URTI

Question 6

Pathophysiology of croup step by step?

Answer 6

Parainfluenza virus infects larynx, trachea, upper bronchi > inflammation and swelling in URT narrows it > swollen larynx does not let ait through making stridor.

Question 7

most common organism causing croup?

Answer 7

parainfluenza virus

Question 8

other viruses causing croup?

-3

Answer 8

Adenovirus
Influenza
Respiratory syncytial virus

Question 9

are lungs effected in croup?

so if O2 sats are low what does this mean?

Answer 9

no

air not getting through URT (larynx, trachea etc.)

Question 10

when is it most common?

Answer 10

winter

Question 11

how long does it last?

Answer 11

1 - 2 days

Question 12

which drugs helps a lot?

Answer 12

dexamethasone

Question 13

is admission common for croup?

Answer 13

no, rare to admit

Question 14

child with croup, what should you as doctor not do?

Answer 14

do not distress

Question 15

why do you not distress child with croup?

Answer 15

upset child with croup and he will breathe hard, hard breathing ↑resistance in airways > resp distress

Question 16

sign on CXR?

Answer 16

steeple sign

Question 17

steeple sign cause?

Answer 17

Inflammation + oedema around upper trachea > narrows

Question 18

Simple Viral Croup can complicate to?

-2

Answer 18

Croup superinfection > 2° bacterial tracheitis

hypotensive shock > anaphylaxis

Question 19

anaphylaxis treatment?

Answer 19

give adrenaline

Question 20

symptoms of croup?

-5

Answer 20

Stridor 
Barking cough
Fever
Worse at night 
Coryzal symptoms

Question 21

category of diagnosis?

Answer 21

Clinical

Question 22

1st line drug?

route?

Answer 22

ORAL DEXAMETHASONE

Question 23

if dexamethasone not available,

what other drug can you give instead?

Answer 23

prednisolone

Question 24

When do you admit a child with croup?

-4

Answer 24

inspiratory stridor at rest
agitated
restless
RDS signs

Question 25

Other Inspiratory stridor causes asides from croup?

- 1
i. e. differential

Answer 25

Epiglottis

Question 26

Epiglottis or croup, which is worse?

Answer 26

Epiglottis

Question 27

Epiglottis has barking cough or not?

Answer 27

yes- has barking cough

Question 28

presentation wise, how will epiglottis differ from croup?

-1

Answer 28

more drooling

Question 29

why is epiglottis now rare?

Answer 29

HiB vaccine

Question 30

CXR of epiglottis, finding?

has two names

Answer 30

swollen epiglottis or thumb sign

Question 31

what type of CXR is best for looking at epiglottis?

Answer 31

Lateral CXR

Question 32

URT is defined as what anatomically?

Answer 32

anything above larynx