CBD 1 tutorial paeds

Question 1

how many grades for murmus?

Answer 1

grades 1 = 5

Question 2

when describing a murmur what aspects should you include?

-4

Answer 2

Location
Diastolic systolic?
Mitral or tricuspid?
Does it radiate?

Question 3

features of an innocent murmur?

-4

Answer 3

low grade
no radiation
no symptoms, sensitive to posture

Question 4

Ix child with murmur?

-2 main ones

Answer 4

ECG

Echo

Question 5

2 common examples of an innocent murmur?

Answer 5

Venous

Pulmonary flow murmur

Question 6

on examination how can you tell if its a venous murmur?

-2

Answer 6

goes away if you press on jugular vein

varies with head position

Question 7

cause of venous murmurs?

Answer 7

by turbulent venous return

Question 8

Pulmonary flow murmur is loudest where?

Answer 8

pulmonary area

Question 9

need to distinguish pulmonary flow murmurs from what other murmurs?

Answer 9

small ASD or mild pulm stenosis

Question 10

diabetes insipidus is deficiency in what hormone?

Answer 10

ADH

Question 11

urine features in diabetes insipidus?

-2

Answer 11

lots of urine

dilute urine

Question 12

Fever + petechia/purpura.

diagnosis?

Answer 12

meningococcal septicaemia

Question 13

child has bruising with hepatosplenomegaly.

top diagnosis?

Answer 13

leukaemia

Question 14

child has bruising with hepatosplenomegaly,

this is a sign of what?

Answer 14

malignant infiltration

Question 15

SUDI stands for what?

Answer 15

sudden unexpected death infant

Question 16

SIDS stands for what?

Answer 16

Sudden infant death syndrome

Question 17

SUDI vs SIDS,

what is the difference?

Answer 17

sudden unexpected death infant - cause found

Sudden infant death syndrome - no cause found

Question 18

SUDI most common causes?

-2

Answer 18

infection

cardiac related

Question 19

how can parents prevent SIDS?

-3

Answer 19

keep temp stable

lie back-to-back

do not sleep in bed or sofa

Question 20

child has tantrum, goes hypoxic, has fit, loses tone but then recovers in 60 seconds.

diagnosis?

Answer 20

breath holding

Question 21

breath holding affects what ages?

Answer 21

6 months – 4 years

Question 22

breath holding differentials?

-2

Answer 22

Arrhythmia

epilepsy

Question 23

breath holding pathophysiology step by step?

Answer 23

Tantrum > not breathing > goes hypoxic (blue) > no O2 to brain so has fit and loses tone

Question 24

in breath holding,

what happens to tone?

Answer 24

lose tone

Question 25

for repeat episodes of breath holding,

what Ix should you do?

why?

Answer 25

CT

exclude chiari malformation - assoc with dysregulated responses to hypoxia.

Question 26

in breath holding what happens to HR?

Answer 26

bradycardia

Question 27

for severe cases of breath holding what drug do you give to treat?

how does this help?

Answer 27

atropine

treats bradycardia