Surface finishes and treatments Flashcards
Define the term Matt
A dull finish with no shine
Define the term Satin
A finish with some shine
Define the term Gloss
A finish which is very shiny
Description of painting and uses and application
A coloured pigment in liquid that dries out
Applied by painting through using a brush, rag or sprays.
Used on outdoor furniture
What are the advantages of painting?
- Available in a range of colours and in all three finishes: matt, satin and gloss.
- Easy to apply
- Adds good protection
What are the disadvantages of painting?
-Conceal the natural grains of wood
Description of staining and uses and application
A coloured liquid that soaks into the wood surface
Applied through using a brush, rag or sprays.
-Fencing, sheds
What are the advantages of staining ?
- Changes the colours the colour of the timber (making it darker) while retaining the natural grain and look of the wood.
- Can make pale-coloured wood like pine a darker colour to mimic more expensive woods like Oak or Mahogany.
- High level of protection against the weather
What are the disadvantages of staining ?
- Only gives a matt or satin finish
- Does not give a full mimic as the grain of the timber used is still present.
Description of varnishing and uses and application
- A clear coating which dries to give a shine
- Can be coloured using a stain
- Applied by brush or spray
- Indoor furniture, wooden boats
- Can provide a matt, satin or glossy finish
What are the advantages of varnishing?
- Can provide all 3 types of finishes
- Good protection through hardwearing finish that shows the grain of the wood
What are the disadvantages of varnishing?
Easily scratch or chip and expose the wood, removing protection
-Affected by sunlight
Description of wax and uses and application
- A soft solid that is rubbed into the surface with a cloth
- Adds a shine and can be applied over other finishes
- Can be coloured with a stain
- Usually applied with a cloth
- Indoor furniture
What are the advantages of wax?
- Easy to apply
- Gives a plain and natural look
- Smells pleasant
What are the disadvantages of wax?
- Rubs away and needs regular re-appliance
- Little protection
Description of oil and uses and application
- Liquid which is rubbed onto the surface and soaks in
- Applied by brush, rag or spraying
- Indoor and outdoor furniture
What are the advantages of oil?
- Good waterproofing for timber
- Different oils add different advantages:
- Vegetable oil is cheap and accessible, also non-toxic
- Danish oil provides a high-quality shiny/glossy finish
- Teak oil provides a good level of protection
What are the disadvantages of oil?
- Surface texture is removed or reduced and is replaced with an oily feeling
- Rubs away and needs regular re-appliance
Description of Shellac and uses and application
- A cloudy liquid made from resin secreted by a beetle
- Lots of layers are rubbed on and polished to create a finish called french polish
- High-quality indoor furniture
What is the finish provided by Shellac called?
French polish
What are the advantages of Shellac?
-Provides a glossy lustre and a high quality finish
What are the disadvantages of Shellac?
- Easily damaged by water and heat
- High levels of skills are needed to apply
Description of veneering and uses and application
- A thin layer of wood glued onto a surface, usually a manufactured board
- Luxury car dashboards
What are the advantages of veneering?
-Gives the appearance of a high-quality, expensive timber such as Mahogany, even though cheaper timbers are being used chipboard.
What are the disadvantages of veneering?
- Veneer is natural wood, therefore still needs an extra finish to applied
- High level of skill in needed to apply
