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General Biology I > Supplementary Terminologies for the Cell Cycle > Flashcards

Supplementary Terminologies for the Cell Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

The chromosome is composed of what parts?

A

P-arm
Centromere
Q-arm
Telomere
Cohesins

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2
Q

Short arm upwards

A

P-arm

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3
Q

Long arm downwards

A

Q-arm

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4
Q

Tips of the chromosome

A

Telomere

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5
Q

How does multiple rounds of cell division affect the telomere?

A

With each cell division, the length of the telomere shortens.

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6
Q

Holds the sister chromatids together for condensation.

A

Cohesins

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7
Q

Point where sister chromatids are joined together

A

Centromere

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8
Q

Thin fibrous strand of DNA and proteins coiled.

A

Chromatin

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9
Q

Chromatin is wrapped around organizing proteins called?

A

Histones

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10
Q

One-half of a chromosome.

A

Chromatid

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11
Q

A chromosome can be made up of ___.

A

Two sister chromatids or one chromatid.

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12
Q

The same 100%.

A

Sister Chromatids

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13
Q

Non-Sister Chromatids can be considered as?

A

Homologous Chromosomes

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14
Q

Same Centromere
Same Gene Location
Same Length
Different Alleles

A

Non-Sister Chromatids/Homologous Chromosomes

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15
Q

Another term for gene location?

A

Loci

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16
Q

Alternative versions of a gene.

A

Allele

17
Q

A cysteine protease responsible for removing the cohesion between sister chromatids

A

Separase

18
Q

An example of an allele differing in homologous chromosomes.

A

From your paternal, you get blue eyes.

From your maternal, you get brown eyes.

19
Q

So, why is it that homologous chromosomes only differ in alleles?

A

Since they pair with each other in Meiosis, you cannot pair a trait for the eye, for a trait specializing in hair color. It should be the same.

20
Q

Pairs of chromosomes that completely differ.

A

Non-Homologous Chromosomes

21
Q

A pair of XY chromosomes are an example of?

A

Non-Homologous Chromosomes

22
Q

2n

A

Diploid

23
Q

n

A

Haploid

24
Q

When you refer to n…

A

It is equal to 23 chromosomes.

25
Q

Chromosomes are counted by the number of?

A

Centromeres

26
Q

If there are 46 chromatids with a centromere, how many chromosomes are there?

A

46

27
Q

How many chromosomes are there in total?

A

46

28
Q

How many from each parent?

A

23 pairs each

29
Q

There are how many autosomes?

A

22

30
Q

How many pairs of sex chromosomes?

A

1

31
Q

Tetrads

A

Four Sister Chromatids

General Biology I (15 decks)

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