Meiosis

Question 1

How much of the chromosomes of the parent cell does meiosis produce?

Answer 1

Half of the chromosomes

Question 2

How many daughter cells are produced in meiosis?

Answer 2

Four

Question 3

In meiosis, is it haploid or diploid?

Answer 3

Haploid

Question 4

If mitosis occurs for somatic body cells like the skin, where does meiosis occur?

Answer 4

Sex Cells

Question 5

If mitosis is for asexual reproduction, meiosis is for?

Answer 5

Sexual Reproduction

Question 6

What are sex cells also called as?

Answer 6

Gametes/Reproductive Cells

Question 7

During fertilization, gametes fuse to form a?

Answer 7

Diploid Offspring (2n), hence meiosis starting on 2n.

Question 8

Is known as reductive division, as the cells are reduced from diploid cells to haploid cells.

Answer 8

Meiosis I

Question 9

No replication occurs. Only g phase occurs, making it known as equational division, as the cells begin as haploid cells and end as haploid cells.

Answer 9

Meiosis II

Question 10

Prophase I Stages

Answer 10

Leptotene
Zygotene
Pachytene
Diplotene
Diakinesis

Question 11

Chromosomes start to condense.

Answer 11

Leptotene

Question 12

Synapsis begins. Homologous chromosomes are glued, forming zipper-like structures.

Answer 12

Zygotene

Question 13

What are the zipper-like structures in Prophase I called?

Answer 13

Synaptenemal Complex

Question 14

Crossing over occurs.

Answer 14

Pachytene

Question 15

Chiasma becomes visible.

Answer 15

Diplotene

Question 16

What is a Chiasma?

Answer 16

Region of crossing-over.

Question 17

Nuclear membrane is dissolved.

Answer 17

Diakinesis

Question 18

Disappearance of nuclei, the breaking down of nuclear membrane, and the formation of spindle fiber and movement of centrosomes.

Answer 18

Prophase I

Question 19

Lines up at the center and independent assortment occurs.

Answer 19

Metaphase I

Question 20

Recombination Occurs

Answer 20

Metaphase I

Question 21

Why does recombination contribute to genetic variability?

Answer 21

Since chromosomes lining up at the center still have different orientations.

Question 22

Sister Chromatids cohesion persists at centromere, moves toward poles.

Answer 22

Anaphase I

Question 23

2 Haploid Daughter Cells are formed.

Answer 23

Telophase I/Cytokinesis

Question 24

Spindle Apparatus Forms

Answer 24

Prophase II

Question 25

Microtubules towards metaphase plate.

Answer 25

Late Prophase II

Question 26

What distinct fact about the metaphase plate do we know about?

Answer 26

It is imaginary.

Question 27

Chromosomes line up at the middle.

Answer 27

Metaphase II

Question 28

Sister Chromatids cohesion breaks down, moves toward poles.

Answer 28

Anaphase II

Question 29

Produces four haploid daughter cells that are genetically distinct from one another and the parent cell.

Answer 29

Telophase II/Cytokinesis

Question 30

What are the causes of variation?

Answer 30

Crossing Over
Independent Assortment
Random Fertilization

Question 31

Why do we have variation with Meiosis?

Answer 31

Random separation of chromosomes in gametes.

Variation (Difference between members of a population)

Diverse populations overtime can be stronger.

Question 32

A process where a diploid (2n) cell undergoes a meiotic cell division to become haploid sex cells.

Answer 32

Gametogenesis

Question 33

What are the gametes for each sex?

Answer 33

Female: Ova
Male: Sperm

Question 34

Complete process of meiosis I and II to produce 4 spermatids.

Answer 34

Spermatogenesis

Question 35

The spermatids move to the lumen and undergo differentiation to become sperm cells.

Answer 35

Spermiogenesis

Question 36

It is the production of female gametes (ova) within ovaries (sometimes in the oviduct).

Answer 36

Oogenesis

Question 37

In the four gametes produced in oogenesis, what classifies each?

Answer 37

There may be 2-3 polar bodies and 1 ovum.