Cell Membrane Flashcards

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1
Q

Do all cells have a cell membrane?

A

Yes.

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2
Q

Cell Membrane Main Functions

A

Protection, a Fixed Environment, Transport, and Structural Support.

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3
Q

Why is the cell membrane significant?

A

Since it regulates cell transport, it is important for homeostasis.

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4
Q

What unique characteristic does the cell membrane have in regulating what can &can’t enter the cell?

A

It has a semi-permeable, and selective membrane.

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5
Q

The model used for interpreting the cell membrane used until today.

A

Fluid Mosaic Model

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6
Q

Why is the Fluid Mosaic Model fluid?

A

It is flexible and changes shape.

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7
Q

Why is the Fluid Mosaic Model mosaic?

A

Like a mosaic, it is consisted of several molecules.

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8
Q

How does the cell membrane be selectively permeable?

A

It receives and responds to stimuli.

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9
Q

What are the different components of the cell?

A

Phospholipids

Proteins

Cholesterol

Carbohydrates

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10
Q

Phospholipids have a unique characteristic in that it is ___.

A

Amphipathic

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11
Q

What is the definition of the phospholipids being amphipathic?

A

It is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic.

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12
Q

It mainly provides structure to the cell.

A

Phospholipids

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13
Q

With phospholipids being a main component for the cell having structure, it is ___.

A

Abundant

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14
Q

Phospholipids are composed of:

A

A Phosphate Head and Two Fatty Acids

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15
Q

The head of a phospholipid is composed of ___ and ___.

A

Glycerol and phosphate.

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16
Q

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic
and makes +H bonds with water (since it’s polar)?

A

Phosphate-linked Head Group

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17
Q

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic and are non-polar molecules?

A

Two Fatty Acid Tails

18
Q

With the two fatty acid tails, one is ___, and the other one is ___.

A

Saturated and Unsaturated

19
Q

Spherical vesicles of a bilayer of phospholipids.

A

Liposome

20
Q

In an aqueous solution, phospholipids make what you call as a ___.

A

Phospholipid Bilayer

21
Q

Lipid monolayers with a fatty acid core and polar surface.

A

Micelle

22
Q

50% of plasma membrane

A

Proteins

23
Q

Second major component next to phospholipids.

A

Proteins

24
Q

Proteins based on location:

A

Integral

Peripheral

25
Q

Proteins embedded entirely on bilayer, extends across.

A

Integral Proteins

26
Q

Proteins that does not extend across, exterior or interior only.

A

Peripheral Proteins

27
Q

Since peripheral proteins are only attached to the exterior or interior of the cell, it is ___.

A

Easily separable.

28
Q

Commonly known as peripheral proteins.

A

Cell specific proteins like enzymes, transporters, and carriers.

29
Q

Proteins based on function:

A

Ion Channels

Carrier Proteins

Enzymes

Receptor Proteins

Glycoproteins

30
Q

Tiny Pores in the Cell Membrane

A

Ion Channels

31
Q

Why are ion channels only have tiny pores?

A

It’s tiny to accommodate specific ions only (Na, P, Ca, Cl).

32
Q

Where large molecules like glucose and amino acids pass through.

A

Carrier Proteins

33
Q

Analogy

Tiny: ___
Large: ___

A

Tiny is to Ion Channels

as to

Large is to Carrier Proteins

34
Q

Catalyzes chemical reactions.

A

Enzymes

35
Q

It has binding sites that sets off molecular triggers.

A

Receptor Proteins

36
Q

Each hormones have their own ___.

A

Receptor Sites

37
Q

Allow cells in immune system to recognize foreign and domestic cells.

A

Glycoproteins

38
Q

Why is it that organ transplant can only happen between the same specific blood types?

A

Each person has a unique recognition site, so if the blood type doesn’t match, the immune system recognizes it as a foreign molecule and attacks it.

39
Q

Maintains fluidity and distance between the phospholipids.

A

Cholesterol

40
Q

What condition triggers the cell membrane components to move farther away?

A

High Temperature

41
Q

What condition triggers the cell membrane components to clump and render the cell rigid?

A

Low Temperature