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General Biology I > Cell Modification > Flashcards

Cell Modification Flashcards

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1
Q

Newly formed cells are structurally modified so that
they can perform their function efficiently and effectively.

A

Cell Modification

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2
Q

When does cell modification occur?

A

After cell division.

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3
Q

Type of Modifications

A

Apical

Lateral

Basal

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4
Q

Found on the ___ surface of the cell.

Occurs mostly in epithelial cells.

A

Apical Modifications

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5
Q

(SAM)
Secretion
Absorption
Movement of Luminal Contents

Locomotion
Sensing pH
In some organisms, ingestion.

A

Apical Modifications

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6
Q

Found on the ___ surface of the cell for anchorage and/or attachment.

A

Basal Modifications

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7
Q

Function for intercellular connections with the adjacent/neighboring cells.

A

Lateral Modifications

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8
Q

Apical Structures:

A

a. Villi/Microvilli
b. Pseudopods
c. Cilia
d. Flagella
e. Root hair

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9
Q

Lateral Structures:

A

a. Tight Junctions
b. Adherens/Adhering Junction
c. Gap Junction

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10
Q

Basal Structures:

A

a. Desmosomes
b. Hemidesmosomes
c. Basal infoldings

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11
Q

Brush, Finger-like cytoplasmic extensions

A

Villi/Microvilli

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12
Q

Increases Surface Area of Absorption for Nutrients in the Small Intestines

A

Villi/Microvilli

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13
Q

In the villi, blood capillaries absorb what?

A

Glucose and Amino Acids

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14
Q

In the villi, lacteal is used for absorbing what?

A

Fatty acids and Glycerol

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15
Q

Rapid back-and-forth movement.

A

Cilia

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16
Q

Made up of Microtubules (Axoneme, Central Core).

Connected to a basal body and extends from
the free surface.

A

Cilia

17
Q

Function of Cilia

A

Paramecium and Balantidium (Protozoa Locomotion)

Mammalian Oviduct (Egg Travel)

Respiratory Tract (Cleaning Debris)

18
Q

Short hair-like Projections

A

Cilia

19
Q

Surface of Primary and Secondary Roots in Plant Roots

10 Micrometers and Long tubular-shaped.

A

Root Hair

20
Q

Nutrient Acquisition in Plants (Increase Absorption through Surface Area), Anchorage, and Microbe Interaction

A

Root Hair

21
Q

Two cells stacked together.

A

Tight Junctions

22
Q

Two proteins called claudins and occludins.

A

Tight Junctions

23
Q

Regulates passage of ions, water, and macromolecules. Avoids leakage.

Skin, blood vessels, cavities, bladder and intestines.

A

Tight Junctions

24
Q

Below tight junctions.

A

Adherens Junction

25
Q

Makes sure cells are stable anchored to cadherin receptors in epithelial (closely-packed) tissues.

A

Adherens Junction

26
Q

Has cadherin receptors that bridge neighboring plasma membranes

A

Adherens Junction

27
Q

“Plasmodesmata” of Animal Cell, allowing of fast passage of electrical signals through connection.

A

Gap Junction

28
Q

Composed of two connexons, also known as hemichannels.

Epithelia, nerves, cardiac (heart) muscle, and smooth
muscle (such as that of the intestines).

A

Gap Junction

29
Q

Cell-Cell Junction

A

Desmosomes

30
Q

Cadherins in the plasma membrane connect to
intermediate filaments.

A

Desmosomes

31
Q

“Stretch” due to mechanical strength because of complexity or tensile strength (stress release).

A

Desmosomes

32
Q

“Filter”, regulates ions as a passage. These increase surface area for ion transport in the mitochondria.

A

Basal Infoldings

33
Q

Attaches the cell to the basement membrane (only one attached). Consists of integrin for Mechanical Integrity.

A

Hemidesmosomes

34
Q

Legs of Amoeba made up of actin filaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments.

Locomotion, Sensing, and Ingestion

A

Pseuodopods

35
Q

Tail-like Projections

A

Flagella

36
Q

Nine pairs of microtubules surrounding two central microtubules

A

Flagella

37
Q

Used for locomotion such as the sperm cells, mastigophora, and gametes of algae, fungi, mosses, and slime molds.

A

Flagella

38
Q

Only Flagellated Cell in Human Body?

A

Sperm Cell

General Biology I (15 decks)

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