Superpowers Fact Attack Flashcards
Name a political quality of a superpower.
Having a permanent seat on the UN council.
Name an economic quality of a superpower.
High GDP/High levels of trade.
Name a military quality of a superpower?
Large amounts of hardware and military personnel.
Name a cultural quality of a superpower?
Rich cultural history/way of life.
Name a demographic quality of a superpower?
Significant percentage of global population.
Suggest what a country’s access to resources is like if it is classed a Superpower.
Able to export and control the supply of valuable commodities eg. Oil.
What are the veto countries in the UN security council?
China, France, Russia, UK and US
What is one positive thing about being in the UN security council?
Can be decisive; Overriding factor-not a lone country.
What is one negative thing about being in the UN security council?
Countries may act out of their own interest.
Not a majority vote.
What was the USA’s per capita GDP?
$53,000
What is China’s per capita GDP?
$6,000
What % of all financial transactions are in US dollars?
80%
What % of foreign currency market transactions are in US dollars?
87%
How much money does the USA give out in terms of financial assistance?
$33 billion
How much money does the UK give out in terms of financial assistance?
$19 billion
How much more is the USA’s military spending compared to China? What percentage is this of global military spending?
4-5 times, 37%
How many of the top 20 universities globally are in the US?
16/20
In 2010, how many people visited Buckingham Palace?
413,000
In the USA, how many people living there were born in a foreign country?
45 million
How many barrels of oil are there in the USA?
264 billion
How many barrels of oil are there in China?
20.3 billion
How many barrels of oil are there in Russia?
250 billion
What is hard power?
The ability of a country to use military force or economic influence to make another accept an idea or situation.
What is soft power?
The ability of a country to persuade its other countries to agree to a situation or idea by making it attractive.
Who created the geo-strategic theory?
Halford Mackinder.
What are the three parts the world is divided into (geo-stategic theory)?
The World Island, Offshore Islands and Outlying Islands.
What civilisation have used geostrategic theory?
Romans, Napoleon and Nazis.
What are the 4 multifaceted ways of exercising power?
Military, Politically, Economically and Culturally.
What is neo-colonialism?
Use of investment, trade and culture to influence independent countries instead of direct governance.
What four things does the USA represent?
Capitalism, Free market, Manifest destiny and Democracy.
What four things does the USSR represent?
Communism, Marxism, Cold war and Controls all means of production.
When was the Korean war?
June 1950 (until 1953)
When was the space race?
October 4th 1957
When was the Cuban missile crisis?
October 1962
What is a bipolar example of superpowers?
Cold war or USA vs USSR.
In what years was America Unipolar?
1990s
How much did America’s economy grow by between 1992 and 1999?
4%
Between 1992 and 1999, how many jobs were added to the American work force per year?
1.7 million
How much did the median American household income grow by between 1990 and 1999?
10%
What is the multipolar example of a superpower?
BRICS vs G20.
Which countries are in BRICS?
Brazil, Russia, India, China and South America.
What is G20?
Westernised countries - top 20 economies.
Which countries are the only $1 trillion economies outside the OECD?
BRICS.
Which multipolar example agreed a post-recession ‘green stimulus package’ worth $1.1 trillion?
G20.
Give three examples of China’s growing dominance.
Export increase, Infrastructure development and TNCs moved there through special economic zones
How many Chinese people are estimated to be in Africa?
1 million
In 2010, what % of Chinese imports were mineral products from Africa?
80%
Why has China dominated Africa?
Easy to dominate, Cheaper and No competition.
What four factors of environmental degradation is caused by superpower?
Lanscape Scarring, The build environment, Oil spills and Removal of forests.
In what century did most mines close?
20th
In what year did Drakelands pit in Devon open? When did the last mine open before this?
2015 and 1969.
The price of what doubled as the supply was reduced?
Tungsten.
In 2003, how many Chinese cities were affected by acid rain?
250
How much did acid rain in China cause the economy to lose in 2013?
$13.3 billion
What was the % increase in food production in Brazil between 2002 and 2012?
26%
How many times did beef exports increase by in Brazil?
10x
What did America agree to do in 2014 and by when?
Reduce CO2 emissions by 2025.
Who pulled out of the Paris agreements in June 2017?
Donald Trump.
When did China agree to reduce carbon emissions and by when?
2014 and by 2030
How many tonnes of CO2 did the USA emit from 1850 to 2007?
339,000 million
How do you define the global middle class?
Those with an annual income of over £10,000
What are rare earths?
A group of 17 elements that occur together in geological deposits and are very difficult to separate from each other.
What is the collective worth of rare earths?
$5 trillion
Give an example of rare earths.
Neodymiym (used for wind turbines and hybrid cars).
How many tonnes of toxic waste is produced for every 1 tonne of rare earths?
2000
How much of the world’s gas is undiscovered?
30%
What % of the world’s oil resources are in the Arctic?
13%
The UN convention on the law of the sea allows countries to own how many miles beyond their coastline?
200 miles
What year did Russia use submarines to put a flag at the north pole?
2007
What is the name of the Chinese icebreaker which navigated the northern sea route for the first time?
Xuelong.
Why is there tension over oil?
Demand is high, Ambiguity over possession.
Why is there conflict over production of goods?
Counterfeiting.
How many countries signed the Anti-counterfeiting trade agreement in 2011?
32
How much does counterfeiting cost G20 countries a year?
$85 billion
Which countries are disputing over 8 islands in the East China Sea?
Japan and China.
In which years did Gazprom raise the price of gas and cut the supply of Ukraine in winter?
2006 and 2009.
What % of all new projects in Africa are the results of Chinese investment?
30%
More than how many Chinese schools in Africa were fromed due to the brain drain?
20
How many skilled and technical jobs were filled by Chinese migrants in 2014?
200,000
How many MW of elecriticy has been created by major HELP projects (financed by China) by 2013?
6,780
How much has annual FDI from China increased to by 2015?
$3 billion
How much does China provide in economic and development aid Africa each year?
$2 - 3 billion
How many km of railways were built in Africa by China by 2015?
2250 km
How many km of roads were built in Africa by China by 2015?
3350 km
Give three factors that are challenges to superpowers?
Radicalisation, Cultural differences and Nationalism.
What six factors cause instability in the middle east?
Religion, Resources, Oil/Gas, Governance, Youth and History.
What % of crude oil exports originate in the middle east?
65%
