Superpowers EQ2 Case Studies Flashcards
What are some examples of centrally planned economies?
Cuba, Vietnam and North Korea
What style of economy has China transitioned to and what is this called?
State capitalism-
Most industries owned by the government but some private investment and ownership allowed
China opened their borders to FDI in 1978 and created SEZs
Why do TNCs promote a USA led capitalist model?
Most TNCs : 6 out of the top 10 are from the USA
What are private TNCs?
Privately owned companies funded by many shareholders, shareholders receive a portion of annual income as dividends, companies pursue shareholder profit over anything else e.g. Apple (2023) £97 billion profits
What are state owned TNCs?
Companies owned by the government, often not known outside of their country of origin e.g. Saudi Aramco (2023) $121.3 billion profits
What proportion of the Fortune 500 originate from just 7 mostly capitalist economies?
400 of 500
What is the nature of shells Nigerian operations?
Oil and gas TNC based on the Niger delta in Nigeria for decades collecting the areas rich natural resource of oil
Employs over 65000 people in Nigeria and paid $1 billion in taxes in 2023
How has Shell lobbied the Nigerian government despite environmental degradation controversy?
Bodo oil spills in 2011
Rallies for stricter regulations on shell from local communities since 1993
Shell lobbied government based on economic importance (prerequisite) for more favourable policy and environmental regulations
Why have BP been able to lobby the USA government so effectively?
They weee one of the main donors to Donald trumps election campaign meant they were able to acquire arctic drilling rights
They are also important to the US economy employing 30000 people and contributing $130 billion to the US economy 2022-2024
Why does BP have a bad image within North America?
Responsible for a 220000 gallon oil spill in Canada in 2006
What are the top 3 brand value TNCs and what are their brand values?
Apple- $516 billion
Microsoft- $340 billion
Google - $ 333 billion
What are some examples of cultural diffusion of Asian cultures to western nations?
6x as many indian restaurants in the UK as McDonald’s
More students learning Mandarin
K-pop - 9.2 billion streams in USA in 2023
Why does the UN decision making favour the USA?
Pays $18 billion into the UN therefore has a higher share of votes, for example the EU only pays $ 9.5 billion
How do the UN able to help nations in crisis?
Has many IGOs e.g. WHO+ ICC
Sierra Leone 2014 —
Ebola epidemic, UN sent financial, medical, personnel and supply aid
The majority of this was from the USA, UK and France
UN can also help after tectonic or meteorological hazards, for example: during the 2019 Australia wildfires
Why is the USAs military an advantage to it being the worlds police?
Huge size and power — acts as a deterrent towards violence
USA spends more on their military than the next 10 countries combined
