Lucys Key Facts Superpowers Flashcards
Give an example of a unipolar world.
1600-1920
British empire had worlds largest navy -used to colonise + transport resources extracted
Covered 24% of world area + 20% global population
Give an example of a bipolar world.
1945-1991 bipolar world
USA capitalism vs USSR communism
USSR used imperialism to fulfill heartland theory
USA placed military personnel around USSR in containment theory
Give some examples of how the demographic pillar is altering global patterns of power.
China + India have 1.4 billion ppl (stronger)
Whereas the USA has only 330 million ppl (weaker)
Give an example of a state owned and a private TNC and give their profits.
State owned = Saudi Aramco made $121.3 billion in profit in 2023 (goes back to the government)
Private = Apple had $97 billion in profit in 2023 (shared between shareholders)
How has BP lobbied the USA government? How is it integral to the USA economy in general?
One of the largest donors to the trump campaign, lobbied the trump government for arctic drilling rights
Contributed $130 billion to the USA economy from 2022-2024
How are Shell integral to the Nigerian economy and how do they lobby the Nigerian government?
Shell contributes $1 billion in taxes to the Nigerian government annually
Use economic importance to lobby Nigerian government for weaker environmental regulation to maximise their profits
Why does the USA have the strongest global military pillar?
Spend more on their military than the next 7 countries combined
Why is China so reliant on fossil fuels?
Responsible for 51% of global coal consumption
What was chinas Paris agreement target?
To reach peak emissions by 2030
What is limiting the Paris agreements success over time?
The USA has left the Paris agreement as of 2025
Countries set own targets (China covered already)
Russia- maintain carbon emissions below 1990 levels (1990 was a spike in emissions)
Why will fossil fuels influence the global economy and climate for a long temporal scale?
Fossil fuel demand is expected to grow by 30% by 2030
What is in the arctic which is influencing the likelihood of future conflicts?
The lomonosov ridge is expected to possess 13% of the worlds undiscovered oil and 30% of undiscovered gas
What data shows the significance of counterfeiting behaviours in China?
80% of the worlds counterfeit goods come from China
In 2011 22 fake apple stores were found in China
How has China been conducting neocolonialism in Africa?
Sent $5 billion worth of FDI to Africa in 2021
How is China significantly increasing its global soft power?
Started belt and road initiative involving 147 countries (currently) accounts for 2/3rds of global population
What are the disadvantages of CPEC to Pakistan, what could be the benefits?
Costs- Pakistan must pay 6% annual GDP to China annually
Benefits- more than $30 billion in investments into infrastructure made, helping energy security in Pakistan
What demographic factors could show the future rise of Asia to global power?
By 2050 Asias population will be 5x higher than that of Europe + North America
