Regeneration-Urban Flashcards
Why did Liverpool decline?
Global shift cause the deindustrialisation of liverpools docklands
How did Liverpool use its industrial heritage as a tourism asset?
1981-1988 Merseyside development corp regenerated 320ha of Albert docks into maritime museum shops and apartments, attracting £700,000 of private investment
How did Liverpool becoming a UNESCO world heritage site help it?
Provided 47,000 jobs from 1981-2008
Why did Liverpool lose its unesco status in 2021?
Felt landscape was more homogenised and less industrial architecture dominated
How has Liverpool used its culture and arts to help regeneration?
2008 -became European capital of culture £4 billion invested in arts and infrastructure
How has Liverpool developed its brownfield land
Prince dock- 5.5 billion PEEL group project, created 9000 flats and a cruise terminal to attract Chinese business (1.3bln in public benefit )
Liverpool knowledge quarter - science park and life science center- encourage in- migration of highly skilled labour
How many businesses and jobs are supported on the Salford quays?
900 businesses with 26,000 jobs
What was the Salford quays development plan?
Project undertaken by Salford city council and private investors to redevelop 90ha of derelict docklands
Why is the development of media city from 2007-11 on Salford quays controversial
Only 28 out of 680 jobs went to locals
How were local Salford historians upset in 2013
The removal of two iconic industrial era cranes
How large was the ousebourn( Newcastle) 20-24 demographic in 2001?
Just over 2000 people
What regeneration efforts were completed in ouseburn?
The creation of apartments
How did the ouseburn 20-24 demographic change to in 2011?
Increased to over 4500
What population increase has Newcastle seen since 2011?
7.1%
What aspect of the evening economy is Newcastle popular for and how has this shown changes in the economy?
Studentification led to Newcastle having 66 bars and nightclubs per 100000 people — no 1 city for nightlife
Shows increase in tertiary sector to supply for students
What is HS2 and what are it’s purposes? (Nat gov— investment in infrastructure)
£95 billion high speed rail link between north + south. Expected to be finished in 2040.
Intended to reduce north south divide by allowing northern business to access London market
Project should provide 6500 jobs
Nat gov — planning policy
How are section 106 agreements used by national government?
Nat gov grants local gov ability to permit developments on basis of community gain. E.g. knutsford crown estate development —240 homes, 30% had to be affordable homes
What are the negatives of HS2?
Environmentalists concerned over clearance of 108 ancient woods leading to decreased carbon sequestration and loss of biodiversity
What was the Big Bang policy?
Deregulation of financial markets in 1986 allowing multi national banks to invest in uk stock exchange. Led to growth of uk stock exchange
2006 - UK worlds most important financial centre
Finance services - 7% of UK GDP
development of canary warf
What we’re the disadvantages of the Big Bang policy?
Led to increased income inequality in London.
Greater north south divide
Created environment for 2008/9 financial crisis
How has policy changed for immigration?
Increasingly closed door policy e.g. post Brexit migrant must have earnings over £25,600 be English speaking and have a sponsor employer
Intended to lower job competition
How has immigration policy tightening created disadvantages?
Opened up skill gaps— 26% of doctors are foreign nationals
2016-17 average EU migrant (adult) contributed £3740 more tax than average UK citizen
What is an example of local government creating local plans?
Creation of science parks, increases science / IT based business, 3rd largest sector for economic growth in the UK
2015– more than 100 science parks
E.g. Alderney park in Cheshire science corridor
What are the disadvantages of science parks?
Influx of high income skilled labour leads to subsequent positive multiplier effect, increasing house prices in the area — Alderney edge detached home costs over £1 million
Lead to displacement of lower income people
