Superphylum Lophotrochozoa Flashcards
Shared traits
Triptoblastic and bilateral (cephalization and first mouth)
Lophophore
Ciliated tentacles that create a feeding structure
Trochozoa
Ciliated larva form
Is free swimming
Phyla of interest
Platyhelminthes, Rotifera, Nemertea
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Flatworms
Two subphyla [Catenulida and Rhabditophora]
Catenulida
“chain worms”
Has low diversity
Rhabditophora
“Rhabdite bearers”
Rod-like in mucus
Most flatworms fall into this category
Platyhelminthes Special traits
First triploblastic animals
Free-living and parasitic
Organ system present (GVC w/ pharynx, no circulatory system, excretory system)
Platyhelminthes cephalization
Centralized nervous system
Ganglia form
Light-sensitive eyespots
Auricles (touch, taste, smell)
Have directional movement
Platyhelminthes Reproduction
Monoecious and Sexual
Also has regenerative ability (“fragmented reproduction” present some)
Platyhelminthes Four classes
Turbellaria
Monogenea
Trematoda
Cestoda
Turbellaria
“whirlpool” because covered in cilia
Free-living flatworms that are mostly marine
Monogenea
“One host flukes” -> Ectoparasites (fish)
Specific host species
Infects gills of host
Ectoparasites
stick to outside of host to survive, usually in the gill region
Trematoda
“Two host flukes” -> Endoparasites
Intermediate host -> invertebrate (ex mollusk)
Terminal host -> vertebrates
With complex life cycles
Cestoda
Tapeworms
Endoparasites (With vertebrate hosts)
Intermediate hosts -> ex: uncooked meat or feces
Rotifera Characteristics
Bilateral, triploblastic
Organ system (Complete digestive system)
Pseudocoelum (functions as rudimentary circulatory system)
Dioecious or parthenogenetic (repro options)
Phylum Rotifera (and special traits)
The rotifers “wheel-bearers”
Specialized traits -> Ciliated corona, muscular mastax, feeding and movement
Rotifera Ecology
Free-living freshwater (most)
Filter feeders
Phylum Nemertea (and special traits)
Ribbon worms
special traits -> Proboscis (harpoon structure) within rhynchocoel
Nemertea Characteristics
Bilateral, triploblastic
Organ system (Complete digestive system)
Pseodocoloem (acts as rudimentary circulatory system)
Nemertea Ecology and Reproduction
Marine predators
Regenerative ability (asexual or fragmentation)
Most are dioecious
