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Zoology > Ch 33 > Flashcards

Ch 33 Flashcards

1
Q

Metabolic Rates

A

Aerobic respiration
Rate of O2 consumption
Must account for mass

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2
Q

Metabolic adjustments

A

Hibernation (cold, endo
Topor (warm, endo)
Estibation (warm/dry, ecto)
Brummation (cold, ecto)

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3
Q

Ventral cavities

A

Thoracic and diaphragm protected by ribs

Abdominal and pelvic cavities

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4
Q

Dorsal cavities

A

Cranial cavity and Vertbral canal

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5
Q

Animal tissues

A

Epithelial
Connective (most)
Muscular
Nervous

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6
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Covers body, lines body cavities, forms

Basement membrane connects all of this

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7
Q

Epithelial glands

A

Exocrine secretes into duct (enzymes and HCL)

Endocrine secretes blood (hormones and signalling)

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8
Q

Epithelial internal function

A

Thin internal lining
Resp, Dig, Exc, and Circ
Secretes mucus
removes debris
Absorption (kidney/SI)

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8
Q

Epithelial external functions

A

Protect from injury, waterloss, and infection
Temp regulation

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9
Q

Classifications of ET

A

Squamous (flattened)
Cuboidal (ideal shape)
Columnar (rectangular)

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10
Q

Squamous

A

flattened
ET
- Simple (one, used in lungs or blood vessels)
- Stratified (multiple layers, in nose/mouth, esophagus)

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11
Q

Cuboidal

A

Ideal shape
ET
Simple - Kidney tubules [Absorption], Gastric pit [Secretion]

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12
Q

Columnar

A

Rectangular (nucleus near bottom)
ET
Simple - Digestive tract, uterus, small intestines [Absorption]
Pseudostratifed - all cells connected to basement membrane [removed impurities]
Transitional - allows for expansion

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13
Q

Connective tissue Functions

A

Binds organs together
Support and protection
Fills space
Produces blood cells
Stores fat

Fibroblasts (produces collagen, healing) vs Matrix {Separates cells, jellylike fluid)

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14
Q

Fibrous Matrix Types

A

Collagen - is a protein , for strength
- Reticular [thin collagen, highly branched]
- Elastic [stretchy, flexible]

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15
Q

Loose/Areolar Connective Tissue

A

Supports and binds (internal organs)
Protective covering [muscles and nerves over blood vessels]

Allows for expansion

16
Q

Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue

A

Distinction [high density]
Location - Tendons and Ligaments
Function - Support, stabilization, movement

17
Q

Cartilage

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue on smooth surfaces that helps with joint movement

Types - Hyaline (common, ex: nose) // Elastic (stretchy, ex: outer ear) // Fibrocartilage (Tension, ex: vertebral disks)

18
Q

Bone

A

Most rigid Connective Tissue
collagen fibers with blood supply

Compact (outer layer) vs spongy (inner layer)

Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclades

19
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone-laying cells

20
Q

Osteocytes

A

Trapped in spongy part of bone structure

21
Q

Osteoclades

A

Breaks down bone

22
Q

Adipose Connective Tissue

A

Enlarged fibroblasts
Filled with fat beneath the skin and around the heart
Insulation and storage

23
Q

Reticular Connective Tissue

A

Support network for lymphatic tissues which control fluid build up

24
Q

Blood

A

Sends signals
Composed of plasma, red/white blood cells, platelets
Transport and Protection

25
Q

Muscular Tissue

A

Actin + Myosin microfilaments
Muscular contraction
Skeletal Muscle
- Attaches to tendons
- Cable-like
- Voluntary control to move body parts

26
Q

Peristalisis

A

Involuntary control of muscular tissue which consists of a rhythmic squeezing of the digestive systems

27
Q

Cardiac Muscular Tissue

A

Walls of heart with branching cells
Intercalated disc - connects cells end to end and promotes electrical current
Location - Heart only [Involuntary movement]

27
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Neurons [dendrites, axons, in brain and spinal cord]
Neuroglia - Supports neurons
Functions - Sensory input, integrate data, motor output

28
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintain stable internal steady state [equilibrim]
Negative feedback loop

29
Q

Negative Feedback loop

A

Sensory cells detect temp rising
Hypothalamus induces sweat
Temp goes back down from evaporative cooling
Stimulus is removed when equilibrium is restored

30
Q

Positive Feedback loop

A

Not as common as Neg Feed. loop
Mainly involves female examples [ovulation, lactation, childbirth]

Zoology (21 decks)

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