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PANCE > **Summaries** > Flashcards

**Summaries** Flashcards

1
Q

MEN 1

A

Pituitary Adenoma
Parathyroid Hyperplasia
Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumors (gastrinoma, insulinoma)
“I pee”

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2
Q

MEN 2a

A

Medullary Thyroid Cancer (Calcitonin)
Parathyroid Hyperplasia (Calcium)
Pheochromocytoma

“II ac”

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3
Q

MEN 2b

A

Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Marfanoid Habitus/Mucosal Neuromas (lips, tongue, eyelids)
Pheochromocytoma

“Abe Lincoln”

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4
Q

Organisms that Cause Bloody Diarrhea

A

SEECSY

  • salmonella (pea soup)
  • e.coli 0157:H7 (HUS: ARF, thrombocytop, hemolytic anem)
  • entamoeba (protazoa)
  • campylobacter (s - GB)
  • shigella (HLAB27 & daycare)
  • yersinia enterocolitica (like appendicitis)
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5
Q

Organisms that Cause Watery Diarrhea

A

VRECS Gi

  • vibrio cholera
  • rotavirus/norwalk virus
  • e. coli (enterotoxigenic#1 cause of traveler’s diarrhea)
  • cryptospordium (#1 cause of recreational diarrhea; India ink stain)
  • s. aureus/b. cereus (food poisoning)
  • giardia
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6
Q

Chocolate Cyst

A

Endometriomas

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7
Q

Dermoid Cyst

A 
Calcification
#1 Cause of Torsion
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8
Q

OCPs protect against

A
  • endometrial cancer
  • ovarian cancer
  • rheumatoid arthritis
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9
Q

OCPs increase risk of

A

-breast cancer

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10
Q

What increases risk of endometrial cancer?

A
  • leiomyomas
  • PCOS
  • tamoxifen (decrease risk of breast cancer but increase risk of endometrial cancer)
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11
Q

Methotrexate for Abortion if

A

-mass

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12
Q

HIV and babies

A

25% if no tx
8% if antiretroviral tx and vaginal delivery
2% if antiretroviral and c-section

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13
Q

Good Pasture Syndrome

A
  • alveolar hemorhage resulting in HEMOPTYSIS

- pulm-renal syndrome

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14
Q

Wegner Granulomatosis

A
  • concomittant sinus and lung involvement

- rapid loss of renal function

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15
Q

Alport syndrome

A

hereditary

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16
Q

IgA Nephropathy

A
  • hematuria after URI
  • # 1 cause worldwide esp asia and south america
  • IgA on biopsy
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17
Q

When to Start Dialysis

A

AEIOU

-Acidosis (esp if

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18
Q

Causes of Anion Gap Metab Acidosis

A

Calc = Na-(Cl+HCO3)
MUDPILES

Methanol
Uremia
DKA
Paraldehyde, Propylene Glycol
Infection, Iron, Isoniazid, Inborn Errors of Metab
Lactic Acidosis
Ethylene Glycol, Ethanol
Salicylates
19
Q

FeNa >2

A

Intrinsic renal failure

85% = ATN (muddy brown casts)

20
Q

Proteus

A 
Gram - rod
lactose negative
contains urease (forms ammonia = alkaline urine)
if stones in Q = increased risk
May cause struvite stones = staghorn
21
Q

E.coli

A

Gram - rod
Lactose +
Oxidase -

22
Q

Enterococcous

A

Gram + coccous

23
Q

Klebsiella

A

lactose +
Oxidase -
(poorly controlled DM)

24
Q

Warfarin

A

P450

CYP2D6

25
Q

Warfarin Inhibitors

A

(stops metabolism = increased PT = need to decrease dose)

VICKS FACE All Over GQ (stops all the girls)

Valproate
Isoniazid
Cimetidine
Ketoconazole
Sulfonamides
Fluconazole
Alcohol (acute)
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin (and other macrolides)
Amiodarone
Omeprazole
Grapefruit Juice
Quinidine
26
Q

Warfarin Inducers

A

(increases metabolism = decreased PT = need to increase dose)

BS CRAP GPS (induces my rage)

Barbituates
St. Johns Wort
Carbamazepine
Rifampin
Alcohol (chronic)
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Phenobarbital
Sulfonylureas
27
Q

Beta Blocker Selectivity

A

B1 selective = aa bm
-atenolol, metoprolol, acebutolol, bisprolol

B1 & B2
-propranolol, sotolol, timolol, nadolol, pindolol

a, B1 & B2 (labeled like superman)
-labetolol, carveidolol

28
Q

Electrolyte Relationships

A

Mg, K, Ca down = Phos up

29
Q

Hyperkalemia

A 
peaked t waves
prolonged PR (AV block)
prolonged QRS
30
Q

Hypokalemia

A

flat or inverted T waves, u waves
predispo to v-tach
increased risk of digoxin toxicity

31
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

short QT

32
Q

Hypocalcemia

A

long QT

33
Q

Hypermagnesemia

A

long PR

wide QRS

34
Q

Hypomagnesemia

A

tall T

35
Q

Amiodarone Cardiac ADR

A

sinus brady and AV block

36
Q

Ibulitide Cardiac ADR

A

torsades and QT prolong

37
Q

Anti-CCP, RA

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

38
Q

ANCA

A 
polyartertiits nodosa
Wegners Granulomatosis
Churgg Strauss
IBD
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
39
Q

Anticentromeres

A

Limited Scleroderma

**assoc w/ crest

40
Q

RF, ANA, AntiRo, AntiLa

A

Sjogrens

autoimmune; lip biopsy

41
Q

Anti-DNA topoisomerase I aka Anti-Scl-70

A

Diffuse Scleroderma

42
Q

Antihistone Ab

A

Drug induced SLE

isoniazid, procainamide, hydralazine, methyldopa, quinidine, chlorpromazine

43
Q

Metabolic Syndrome

A

3 or more of:

1) Waist >102M >88F
2) TG >150
3) HDL 130/85
5) BG >110

PANCE (18 decks)

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