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1 SUGER > SUGER anatomy: inguinal canal > Flashcards

SUGER anatomy: inguinal canal Flashcards

1
Q

what are the inguinal canals?

shape, how many, location

A

2 oblique (diagonal shape) passages on each side of midline

that travel through the lower anterior abdominal wall muscles,

above the inguinal ligament

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2
Q

what are the layers of abdomen the inguinal canal travels through? (5)

A
  1. transversalis fascia →
  2. transverses abdominus →
  3. inferior oblique →
  4. external oblique →
  5. external oblique aponeurosis

stops just before the midline (so does not travel through rectus abdominis)

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3
Q

what are the inguinal LIGAMENTS?

A

set of two bands (one on each side) that connect the oblique muscles of the abdomen to the pelvis, deep in the groin.

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4
Q

where does the inguinal canal start?

A

the deep inguinal/internal ring

  • an invagination of transversalis fascia
  • above the midpoint of the inguinal ligament.
  • lateral to the epigastric vessels
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5
Q

where does the inguinal canal end?

A

Thesuperficial inguinal/external ring

  • evagination of the external oblique aponeurosis
  • just superior to the pubic tubercle
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6
Q

describe the direction the canal travels in, using anatomical terminology

A
  1. initially deep and lateral
  2. as it travels, gets more medial and inferior
  3. ends superficial and medial
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7
Q

how many openings does the inguinal canal have?

A

2

  • deep inguinal ring
  • superficial inguinal ring (triangular)
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8
Q

how many boundaries does the inguinal canal have?

A

4

  • anterior wall
  • posterior wall
  • roof
  • floor
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9
Q

what is the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

aponeurosis of the external oblique
(most superficial layer it travels to)

laterally, part of internal obliques

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10
Q

what is the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

transversalis fascia

initial opening, deepest part of Canal

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11
Q

what is the roof of the inguinal canal?

A
  • the transversals fascia
  • transverse abdominis
  • internal oblique
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12
Q

what is the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

the inguinal ligament

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13
Q

what is an inguinal hernia?

A

when the abdominal contents protrude through the anterior abdominal wall via the inguinal canal

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14
Q

what are the contents of a female inguinal canal? (3)

A
  1. round ligament of the uterus
  2. ilioguinal nerve (partly)
  3. genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
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15
Q

what are the contents of a male inguinal canal?

A

the spermatic cord

holds all contents for male inguinal canal

FANO (fascia, arteries, nerves, other)

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16
Q

what is the pathway of the spermatic cord?

A
  1. starts as part of inguinal canal
  2. continues on once canal ends
  3. enters the scrotum
  4. ends at posterior border of the testes
17
Q

where does the round ligament of the uterus start/end?

A

START - uterine horn

travels through female inguinal Canal

END - labia majora

18
Q

what is the function of the round ligament of the uterus ?

A
  • bands of connective tissue on either side of uterus

- for support to the uterus (womb)

19
Q

what Is the function of the Ilioinguinal nerve?

A

sensory innervation of the genitalia (both male and female?

20
Q

where is the Ilioinguinal nerve found?

A
  • passes through both male and female inguinal canals

- only travels though it partially (only through superficial ring)

21
Q

where is the Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve? found?

A

in both male and female inguinal canals

22
Q

what is the function of the Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve?

A

MALES

  • motor to cremaster muscle
  • sensation to scrotal skin

FEMALES
- sensation to skin of mons pubis and labia majora

23
Q

what are the 3 nerves that travel through the male inguinal canal?

which of these are also seen within the female inguinal canal?

A

SAME AS FEMALE:
1. Ilioinguinal nerve

  1. Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

UNIQUE TO MALE:
3. sympathetic nerve fibres

24
Q

what are the 3 arteries that travel through the male inguinal canal/spermatic cord?

A
  1. testicular arteries (R&L)
  2. cremasteric artery
  3. vas (ductus) deferens artery
25
Q

what are the 3 facial layers that travel through the male inguinal canal/spermatic cord?

A
  1. external spermatic fascia
  2. cremastic muscle and fascia
  3. internal spermatic fascia
26
Q

where are the 3 facial layers in the male spermatic cord all derived from?

A
  1. external spermatic → EO aponeurosis
  2. cremastic → IO muscle
  3. internal spermatic → transversalis fascia
27
Q

what are the 4 OTHER structures within the make inguinal canal/spermatic cord?

A
  1. pampiniform venous plexus
  2. lymphatics
  3. vas deferens
  4. processus vaginalis
28
Q

what is the Pampiniform venous plexus ?

what is its function ?

A
  1. veins that drain blood from testes into testicular vein
  2. the veins are wrapped around the testicular a.
  3. purpose is to be a heat exchanger → cools the arterial blood before it reaches the testes
29
Q

what is the processus vaginalis?

A
  • projection of peritoneum
  • forms the pathway of descent for the testes during embryonic development.
  • it is fused shut in adults

1 SUGER (9 decks)

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