SUGAR anatomy: male/female urethras, ureter narrowing sites and pathway of ureters

Question 1

what does the male urethra transport?

where from/to

Answer 1

• urine and semen

- from bladder to exterior of body

Question 2

what does the female urethra transport?

where from/to

Answer 2

• urine

- from neck of bladder bladder to exterior of body

Question 3

which urethra is shorter? male or female

Answer 3

female is shorter

male - 20cm
female - 4cm

Question 4

what are the 3 anatomical parts of the male urethra?

Answer 4

1. the prostatic
2. the membranous
3. the penile /bulbous/spongy

Question 5

where does the prostatic urethra start?

Answer 5

at neck of bladder

to external urethral sphincter

Question 6

what contents does the prostatic urethra collect from the prostatic ducts when it passes through the prostate?

Answer 6

spermatozoa, seminal fluid, alkaline fluid

Question 7

which structures does the membranous urethra pass through?

Answer 7

pelvic floor and the deep perineal pouch

surrounded by external urethral sphincter

Question 8

which structures does the penile urethra pass through?

Answer 8

bulb and corpus spongiosum, the bulbourethral glands , ends at external urethral orifice (meatus)

Question 9

which is the most dilatable and widest of the 3 anatomical parts of the male urethra?

Answer 9

prostatic - widest + most dilatable
membranous - narrowest + least dilatable
penile - dilates in glans

Question 10

what are the 2 penile angles the male urethra passes though?

Answer 10

infrapubic angle

prepubic angle

Question 11

what are the 3 constrictions of the male urethra?

that control outflow of urine

Answer 11

1. the internal urethral sphincter (smooth)
2. external urethral sphincter (skeletal)
3. external urethral orifice.

Question 12

what part of the external female genetalia does the urethra open into?

Answer 12

the vestibule

Question 13

what is the vascular supply to the female urethra?

Answer 13

• theinternal pudendal arteries & veins

- vaginal arteries & veins

Question 14

what is the nervous supply to the female urethra?

Answer 14

• the vesical plexus
• the pudendal nerve
• Visceral afferents from the urethra run in the pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 15

where is the internal urethral sphincter in both males and females?

Answer 15

base of bladder

Question 16

where is the external urethral sphincter in a female?

Answer 16

in the deep perineal pouch

Question 17

where is the external urethral sphincter in a male?

Answer 17

just after the prostate

Question 18

name where kidney stones are most likely to get stuck (narrowing sites in the ureters)

Answer 18

1. the PUJ (Pelvi-ureteric junction)
2. the pelvic brim
3. the VUJ (vesicle-ureteric junction)

Question 19

describe where the PUJ narrowing site is?

Answer 19

Pelvi-ureteric junction

- where the ureter starts at the renal pelvis.

Question 20

describe where the pelvic brim narrowing site is?

Answer 20

• where the ureter runs on top of the iliac artery
• as it passes over the bony
  pelvic inlet.

Question 21

describe where the VUJ narrowing site is?

Answer 21

Vesico-ureteric junction

- where the ureter empties into the bladder

Question 22

what are the ureters?

Answer 22

2 narrow & muscular tubes that transport urine from kidneys to the urinary bladder

Question 23

what muscle on the posterior abdominal wall does the ureter tube run on the anterior surface of as it descends?

Answer 23

• the psoas major

Question 24

through what route do the ureters enter and travel through the pelvic cavity?

Answer 24

• they cross the pelvic brim
• at level of the sacroiliac joins
• then run down lateral pelvic walls
• turn anteromedially at the ischial spine
• travel transversely towards the bladder

Question 25

what surface of the bladder do the ureters pierce?

Answer 25

lateral

Question 26

by what method do the ureters carry urine to the urinary bladder?

Answer 26

Ureteral peristalsis