Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy EK Separated, and some extras > SUGER Anatomy > Flashcards

SUGER Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the kidneys?

A

They act to filter and excrete waste products from the blood. They are also responsible for H2O and electrolyte balance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is found at the renal hilum?

A

Renal arteries and veins, ureter, nerves and lymphatics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which kidney is often positioned lower in the abdomen and why?

A

The right kidney, this is due to the presence of the liver.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the renal arteries a branch of?

A

The abdominal aorta just below the SMA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which renal artery is longer?

A

The right renal artery, this is due to the position of the aorta being slightly to the left.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which artery crosses the IVC posteriorly?

A

The right renal artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where do the renal veins drain?

A

Into the IVC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 3 main layers of an adrenal gland?

A
  1. Perinephric Fat
  2. A cortex.
  3. A medulla at the centre.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Adrenal glands: What cells are contained within the medulla and what do they secrete?

A

Chromaffin cells - they secrete catecholamines e.g. adrenaline. This is a ‘fight or flight’ response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 3 arteries that supply the adrenal glands?

A
  1. Superior adrenal artery.
  2. Middle adrenal artery.
  3. Inferior adrenal artery.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the superior adrenal artery a branch of?

A

The inferior phrenic artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the middle adrenal artery a branch of?

A

The abdominal aorta.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the inferior adrenal artery a branch of?

A

The renal arteries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the right adrenal vein drain into?

A

The IVC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the left adrenal vein drain into?

A

The left renal vein (and then into the IVC).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What muscle lies below to psoas major?

A

Quadratus lumborum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the origin of quadratus lumborum?

A

Iliac crest and the iliolumbar ligament.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the action of psoas major?

A

Flexion of the hip.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the innervation of psoas major?

A

L1-3 nerves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What nerves lies on the anterior surface of psoas major?

A

The genitofemoral nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where does the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve go?

A

It passes under the inguinal ligament and supplies sensory innervation to the inner thigh.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve go?

A

It passes through the deep inguinal ring to enter the inguinal canal. It supplies the cremaster muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What vein does the right gonadal vein drain into?

A

The IVC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What vein does the left gonadal vein drain into?

A

The left renal vein (and then the IVC).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the innervation of iliacus muscle?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-4).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What nerve lies in the groove between the iliacus and psoas major?

A

The femoral nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What nerve emerges from psoas major medially?

A

Obturator nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What does the femoral nerve give motor innervation to?

A

The anterior thigh muscles that flex the hip and extend the knee.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the action of iliacus?

A

Flexion of the hip.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does the femoral nerve give sensory innervation to?

A

Cutaneous branches pass to the antero-medial thigh. The terminal branch, saphenous nerve, supplies the medial side of the leg and foot.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What does the obtruator nerve give motor innervation to?

A

The medial thigh muscles inolved in adduction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What does the obtruator nerve give sensory innervation to?

A

The skin of the medial thigh.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are the walls of ureters composed of and why?

A

Smooth muscle walls. When the muscle contracts it produces peristaltic waves that propels the urine into the bladder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the name of the point at which the renal pelvis narrows?

A

The ureteropelvic junction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the significance of the ureters piercing the bladder obliquely?

A

It creates a physiological valve that acts to prevent the back flow of urine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Do the ureters cross the ovarian arteries and the ductus deferens anteriorly or posteriorly?

A

Posteriorly. (Water (ureters) under the bridge (artery)).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the function of the bladder?

A

Collection, temporary storage and expulsion of urine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Give 3 ways in which the bladder is specialised for storage.

A
  1. Rugae give the bladder a great capacity to expand.
  2. Detrusor muscle relaxes in storage, increasing bladder volume.
  3. Urethral sphincters contract.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Which urethral sphincter is composed of skeletal muscle?

A

The external urethral sphincter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Which urethral sphincter is under voluntary control?

A

The external urethral sphincter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Which urethral sphincter is composed of smooth muscle?

A

The internal urethral sphincter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Which urethral sphincter is under autonomic control?

A

The internal urethral sphincter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is the specialised smooth muscle of the bladder wall called?

A

The detrusor muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is the blood supply to the bladder?

A

The internal iliac arteries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What nerve provides sympathetic innervation to the bladder?

What does this allow?

A

The hypogastric nerve (T12-L2).

Causes relaxion of the Detrusor muscle, promoting urine retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is the affect of sympathetic innervation on the bladder?

A

Relaxation of the detrusor muscle and constriction of the internal urethral sphincters - this promotes urine retention.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is the affect of parasympathetic innervation on the bladder?

A

Contraction of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the internal urethral sphincters - this promotes micturition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is the role of the sensory nerves in the bladder wall?

A

They signal the need to urinate to the brain when the bladder becomes full.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Name 3 locations where the ureter narrows and renal stones may be present.

A
  1. Ureteropelvic junction.
  2. As the ureter passes the pelvic brim.
  3. Where the ureters enter the bladder.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What two lumbar plexus nerves have the same nerve roots?

A

Femoral and Obtruator - L2,3,4.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What 3 bones make up the hip bone?

A
  1. Ilium.
  2. Pubis.
  3. Ischium.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is the socket called formed from the fusion of the ilium, pubis and ischium?

A

The acetabulum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What bone articulates with the acetabulum?

A

The head of the femur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Name 2 important ligaments that attach from the sacrum to the ischium.

A
  1. sacrospinous ligament.

2. sacrotuberous ligament.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Where does the sacrospinous ligament run between?

A

The sacrum to the ischial spine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What are the 3 main differences between male and female pelvis

A
  1. The female has a larger angled sub-pubic arch.
  2. The pelvic outlet is rounder in females.
  3. In a female, the sciatic foramen are more at the back
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What do the left gonadal veins (ovarian and testicular) drain into?

A

The left renal vein, then into the IVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What forms the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

The inguinal ligament.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What does the inguinal canal transmit in males?

A

The spermatic cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What does the inguinal canal transmit in females?

A
  1. Round ligament of the uterus
  2. Ilioinguinal nerve
  3. Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

What are the nerve roots for the ilio-inguinal nerve?

A

L1.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What does the ilio-inguinal nerve give sensory innervation to

A
  • Skin on the upper middle thigh.
  • In males it supplies the skin over the penis and scrotum.
  • In females it supplies the skin over the mons pubis and labium majora.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

How do the testes move from the posterior abdominal wall to the scrotum?

A

The paired gubernacula aid in the descent of the testes. The testes are guided through the inguinal canal and then into the scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Define hernia.

A

Protusion of an organ through the wall or cavity that normally contains it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Where does the inferior epigastric artery lie?

A

Immediately medial to the deep inguinal ring.

66
Q

What are the 3 layers of tissue surrounding the spermatic cord?

A
  1. External spermatic fasica.
  2. Cremaster muscle and fascia.
  3. Internal spermatic fascia.
67
Q

What layer of the abdominal wall is the external spermatic fascia derived?

A

Derived from the aponeurosis of external oblique.

68
Q

What layer of the abdominal wall is the internal spermatic fascia derived?

A

Transversalis fascia.

69
Q

What layer of the abdominal wall is the cremaster muscle and fascia derived?

A

Internal oblique.

70
Q

What is the function of the cremaster muscle?

A

To raise and lower the testes in order to regulate scrotal temperature for optimum spermatogenesis.

71
Q

What is the vas deferens?

A

The duct that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts.

72
Q

What 3 arteries are contained within the spermatic cord?

A
  1. Testicular artery
  2. Cremasteric artery
  3. Artery to the vas deferens
73
Q

What 3 veins are contained within the spermatic cord?

A
  1. Testicular vein.
  2. Cremasteric vein.
  3. Vein to the vas deferens
74
Q

What 3 nerves are contained within the spermatic cord?

A
  1. Ilio-inguinal nerve.
  2. Genitofemoral nerve.
  3. Sympathetic plexus.
75
Q

What are ‘4 others’ contained within the spermatic cord?

A
  1. Vas deferens.
  2. Lymphatics.
  3. Tunica vaginalis. (was known as the process vaginalis in the foetus, adheres to the surface of the testis and reflects onto the internal aspect of the scrotum
  4. Venous Plexus
76
Q

What are the 3 erectile tissues contianed within the root of the penis?

A
  1. 2x Crura (form corpus cavernosum in body).

2. 1x Bulb (forms corpus spongiosum in body).

77
Q

What is the glans of the penis?

A

The most distal part of the penis formed by the expansion of the corpus spongiosum. It contains the urethral orifice.

78
Q

Is ejaculation caused by parasympathetic or sympathetic innervation?

A

Sympathetic.

79
Q

Which nerves provide sensory innervation to the scrotal skin?

A
  • Ilio-inguinal.
  • Genital branch of genitofemoral.
  • Branches from the perineal nerve.
80
Q

Give 3 functions of the pelvis.

A
  1. Transfers weight.
  2. Provides attachment for muscles and ligaments.
  3. Contains and protects pelvic viscera.
81
Q

Give 3 functions of the pelvic floor muscles.

A
  1. They support abdomino-pelvic viscera.
  2. They resist increases in intra pelvic pressures.
  3. They maintain urinary and faecal continence.
82
Q

What are the 2 main muscles of the pelvic floor?

A
  1. Levator ani muscles.

2. Coccygeus muscle.

83
Q

What is the innervation to the levator ani muscles?

A

Branches of the pudendal nerve, S2, 3, 4 roots.

84
Q

What is the function of levator ani?

A

Maintains faecal continence, during defecation this muscle relaxes.

85
Q

What is the perineum?

A

An anaotmical space located below the pelvic diaphragm; it is diamond shaped and contains urinary, GI and reproductive viscera.

86
Q

What divides the perineum into anterior and posterior triangles?

A

An imaginary line drawn between the ischial tuberosities.

87
Q

What are the 3 sub-divisions of the uterus?

A
  1. Fundus.
  2. Body.
  3. Cervix.
88
Q

What is a fornix?

A

the pocket of the Vagina that extends up, surrounding the Cervix. There is an anterior and posterior part.

89
Q

What are the 2 orifices of the cervix?

A
  1. The internal orifice - communicates with the uterus.

2. The external orifice - communicates with the vagina.

90
Q

How does the uterus lie with respect to the bladder?

A

Posterior-superior.

91
Q

What are the three tissue layers that make up the uterus?

A
  1. Peritoneum.
  2. Myometrium: smooth muscle layer.
  3. Endometrium: inner mucous membrane lining.
92
Q

What are the two divisions of the endometrium?

A
  1. Stratum basalis.

2. Stratum functionalis.

93
Q

Which layer of the endometrium is shred in menstruation?

A

The stratum functionalis.

94
Q

What is the round ligament and what is its function?

A

A remnant of the gubernaculum.

Its function is to maintain the anteverted position of the uterus.

95
Q

What is the uterine artery a branch of?

A

The internal iliac artery

They travel in the cardinal ligament

96
Q

What is the function of the uterine tubes?

A

They assist in the transport and transfer of ovum from the ovary to the uterus.

97
Q

Give 2 ways in which the uterine tube is adapted for the transport of ovum to the uterus.

A
  1. Ciliated columnar epithelium wafts the ovum to the uterus.
  2. Contraction of the smooth muscle layer.
98
Q

Where in the uterine tube does fertilisation normally occur?

A

In the ampulla, this is the widest part of the tube and is lateral to the isthmus.

99
Q

What is the final part of the uterine tube?

A

The fimbriae, finger-like projections coming off the infundibulum.

100
Q

What is the function of the fimbriae?

A

To capture the ovum.

101
Q

What is the blood supply to the uterine tubes?

A

The ovarian and uterine arteries.

102
Q

What is the ovarian artery a branch of?

A

The abdominal aorta.

103
Q

What are the female gonads?

A

The ovaries.

104
Q

Give 2 functions of the ovaries.

A
  1. To produce oocytes.

2. To produce oestrogen and progesterone

105
Q

What is the epithelium surface of the ovary?

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium.

106
Q

What does the ovarian ligament connect?

A

The ovary to the uterus

107
Q

What does the left ovarian vein drain into?

A

The left renal vein.

108
Q

Give 3 functions of the vagina.

A
  1. It receives the penis in sexual intercourse.
  2. It expands providing a delivery channel in childbirth.
  3. It serves as a canal for menstrual fluid to leave the body.
109
Q

What 2 things comprise the vaginal mucosa?

A
  1. Stratified squamous epithelium.

2. Elastic lamina propria.

110
Q

What is the blood supply to the vagina?

A

Uterine and vaginal arteries (branches of the internal iliac artery).

111
Q

Give 3 functions of the vulva.

A
  1. Sensory tissue in sexual intercourse.
  2. Assist in micturition.
  3. Defend the internal female reproductive tract from infection
112
Q

What is the mons pubis?

A

A mass of fatty tissue lying over the pubis symphysis.

113
Q

What are the labia majora?

A

Hair bearing external folds that fuse posteriorly and extend anteriorly to the mons pubis.

114
Q

What are the labia minora?

A

Hairless folds that lie within the labia majora. They fuse anteriorly to form the prepuce (hood) of the clitoris.

115
Q

What is the vestibule?

A

the area enclosed by the labia minora. It contains the openings of the vagina (external vaginal orifice, vaginal introitus) and urethra.

116
Q

Where are the great vestibular glands located and what is their function?

A

Glands located either side of the vaginal orifice, they secrete mucous during sexual arousal.

117
Q

What is the clitoris derived from embryologically?

A

The genital tubercle.

118
Q

What is the main blood supply to the vulva?

A

Pudendal arteries.

119
Q

What 2 structures combine to form the ejaculatory ducts?

A

The vas deferens and the seminal vesicle.

120
Q

List in sequence the tubular structures along with spermatozoa pass to the exterior?

A

Testes -> epididymis -> vas deferens (goes through inguinal canal and along the lateral pelvic wall to the posterior bladder) -> seminal vesicle -> ejaculatory duct -> prostate gland -> prostatic urethra -> membranous urethra -> penile urethra.

121
Q

What is the function of the prostate glands?

A

They secrete proteolytic enzymes which break down clotting factors in the ejaculate and so allowing the semen to remain fluid.

122
Q

What does the prostate lie inferior to?

A

The neck of the bladder.

123
Q

Name 2 vessels that pierce the prostate.

A

The urethra and the ejaculatory ducts

124
Q

How long is the male urethra?

A

15-20cm.

125
Q

How long is the female urethra?

A

4cm.

126
Q

Give some signs and symptoms of an enlarged prostate gland.

A

An enlarged prostate would press on the bladder and so cause an increase in urinary frequency, urinary urgency, dribbling, and difficulty initiating micturition.

127
Q

What muscle is the medial arcuate ligament related to?

A

Psoas major.

128
Q

What muscle is the lateral arcuate ligament related to?

A

Quadratus lumborum.

129
Q

What hormones are produced in the cortex of the Adrenal glands?

A

The cortex produces steroid hormones including cortisol,

aldosterone and testosterone.

130
Q

What is the below the Other - Sacrotuberal ligament or sacraspinal ligament?

A

Sacrotuberal is below the sacrospina ligament The sacrotuberal ligament is also bigger

131
Q

Sacral Plexus: What does the Pudendal nerve supply? where does it arise from?

A

It innervates muscles in
the perineum and the skin of the external genitalia.
Also pelvic floor muscles. Arises from S2-S4

132
Q

What is pudendal artery a branch of?

A

Internal iliac artery.

The internal pudenal artery supplies the perineum

133
Q

What is a direct inguinal hernia?

A

intra-abdominal contents are forced directly through the
posterior wall of the inguinal canal (i.e. the relatively weak transversalis fascia) and
subsequently through the superficial ring. The herniated abdominal contents do not pass
through the deep inguinal ring in direct inguinal hernias

134
Q

What is an indirect inguinal hernia?

A

where intra-abdominal contents are forced through the deep

inguinal ring and into the canal itself

135
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the levator ani?

A

Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
illiococcygeus

(the names of them point to where they are)!

They all attach to the Perineal body

136
Q

What does the ischiocavernousus cover?

A

The Corpora cavernosa

137
Q

What does the bulbospongiosus cover?

A

The corpus spongiosum

138
Q

What can the diamond shape of the perineum be split int-?

A

Anal triangle (posteriorly) - contains the opening of the anus and the external anal
sphincter.
• Urogenital triangle (anteriorly) - this area is a bit more complicated, and has several
layers

139
Q

What are the layers of the urogenital triangle?

A 
Skin
Perineal fascia 
Superficial perineal pouch
Perineal Membrane
Deep perineal pouch
140
Q

Urogenital triangle layers: What does the Superficial perineal pouch contain?

A

the erectile tissues of the penis or
clitoris and also 3 muscles: ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiousus and the
superficial transverse perineal muscles

141
Q

Found Inbetween the perineal pouches, what does the Perineal Membrane consist of?

A

A strong fibrous membrane that provides support for the attachment of
ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus.
• It has specific holes in it for the urethra and vagina

142
Q

Urogenital triangle layers: What does the Deep perineal pouch contain

A

lt’s a space between the perineal membrane and the pelvic floor
muscles.
• Contains parts of the vagina, urethra and the external urethral sphincter

143
Q

What travels through the Greater sciatic foramen?

Note that the greater sciatic foramen is divided into 2 parts by the piriformis muscle.

A

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries and veins
Superior and inferior gluteal nerves
The pudendal nerve, leaving the pelvis

144
Q

What travels through the Lesser sciatic foramen?

A

The internal pudendal artery and veini
The obturator internus tendon
The pudendal nerve, re-entering the pelvis

145
Q

What passes under the Inguinal ligament to leave the pelvis?

A

The Femoral nerve -
The external iliac becomes the femoral artery when it crosses under the inguinal ligament and enters the femoral triangle

146
Q

What does the pectinate line divide?

A

Splits the upper and lower anal canal

It marks where endoderm and the hindgut transition to ectoderm

147
Q

What is the blood supply to the superior part of the anal canal?
(above the pectinate line)

A

m inferior mesenteric artery, via the superior rectal

arteries. The venous drainage is via the portal venous system towards the liver.

148
Q

What is the epithelium that lines the superior anal canal?

A

Same as the internal mucosa, Simple Columnar

149
Q

What is the nerve supply to the superior anal canal?

A

Inferior hypogastric plexus, which receives input from the sympathetic trunk, and parasympathetic fibres from the pelvic splanchnic nerves

150
Q

What is the blood supply to the inferior part of the anal canal? (below the pectinate line)

A

middle and inferior rectal arteries
which originate from the internal iliac arteries

Venous drainage goes straight to the IVC, not the Liver

151
Q

What is the epithelium that lines the inferior anal canal?

A

the histology is more like the epithelium of skin, i.e. stratified squamous

152
Q

What is the nerve supply to the inferior anal canal?

A

The nerve supply
to this part of the anal canal and external (voluntary) anal sphincter is via the pudendal
nerve

153
Q

How does the cervix commincate with

a) the Uterine cavity
b) the vagina

A

a) the Internal Os

b) the external Os

154
Q

Where are spermatozoa produced?

A 
seminiferous tubules (lined with Sertoli Cells)
This and Interstitial tissue (with leydig tissue cells make up the individual lobules in the testes
155
Q

Where does developign sperm from the seminiferous tubules collect?

A

the rete testes

Afferent ducts then take the sperm to the Epididymis for storage and maturation

156
Q

What covers the testes inside the scrotum? what is its purpose

A

tunica vaginalis, a closed sac of parietal peritoneal origin that contains a small amount of viscous fluid.
It works much like the peritoneal sac, lubricating the surfaces of the testes and allowing for friction-free movement.

157
Q

What is the testicular parenchyma that enclose the testis what does it do?

A

tunica albuginea, a fibrous capsule that encloses the testes. It penetrates into the parenchyma of each testicle with diaphragms, dividing it into lobules.

158
Q

What does the illiohypgastric nerve supply?

A

Internal oblique, and transvers abdominis

Also sensory to skin over the pubic region

159
Q

What nerve innervates the skin over the medial thigh?

A

The obturator nerve

160
Q

Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh;

What does it innervate? What are its roots?

A

L2, L3

Innervates the anterior and lateral thigh down to the level of the knee.

161
Q

What does the Pudendal nerve supply?

A

Somatic comntrol over the bladder and bowels
- external urethral sphincter
- External Anal sphincter
- The levator ani
- Skeletal muscles in the perineum
- Sensory function to the penis and the clitoris
S2, S3, S4 keeps poo off the floor

Anatomy EK Separated, and some extras (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions