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Psychiatric Nursing > substances-related and addictive disorder > Flashcards

substances-related and addictive disorder Flashcards

1
Q

substances that lead to use disorder

A 
Alcohol 
Caffeine
Cannabis
Hallucinogen
Inhalant
Opioid
Sedative-hypnotic
Stimulant
Tobacco

Other: Process addiction—Gambling

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2
Q

concepts central to addictive use disorder

A
  • Addiction: being dependent, can not without
  • Intoxication: wasted, high, black out
  • Tolerance: body get use to substances
  • Withdrawal: symptoms you have when you stop taking the substance
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3
Q

comorbidity

A
  • Psychiatric comorbidity: anxiety
  • Medical comorbidity: alc disorder
    +Diabetes
    +Hepatitis C
    +Psoriasis
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4
Q

caffeine

A
  • Most widely used psychoactive substance in the world

- Can result in intoxication and withdrawal

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5
Q

cannibis

A
  • Most widely used illegal drug in the world

- Fourth most commonly used psychoactive drug in the United States after caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine

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6
Q

hallucinogens

A

Cause a profound disturbance in reality

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7
Q

inhalents

A
  • Solvents for glues and adhesives
  • Propellants
  • Thinners
  • Fuels
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8
Q

opioids

A
  • Heroin and prescription drugs

- Pharmacologic treatment: Methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone

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9
Q

intoxication symtoms

A
  • motor retardation
  • slurred speech
  • pupils dilation
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10
Q

clondrine

A

used to treat opioid withdrawl symptoms

- check on pt. every 4 hr

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11
Q

Sedative, hypnotic, and antianxiety medications

A
  • Benzodiazepines(cns depressants)
  • Benzodiazepine-like drugs
  • Carbamates
  • Barbiturates
  • Barbiturate-like hypnotics
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12
Q

stimulants

A
  • Amphetamine-type, cocaine, or other stimulant drugs
  • Second only to cannabis as the most widely used illicit substances in the United States
  • symtoms: withdrawl, tired, insomonia, hypersomonia, retardation
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13
Q

serious withdrawl

A
  • sucide
  • depression
    (valium can help)
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14
Q

alcohol

A
  • Sedative creating an initial feeling of euphoria
  • Decreased inhibitions
  • Binge-drinking versus heavy drinking
    + bringe: too mcuh to drink in short time
    + Heavy: too much to often
  • Intoxication and withdrawal
  • Alcohol-induced amnestic disorder
  • Fetal alcohol syndrome: created developmental delays
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15
Q

treatment for gamblers

A
  • albutrium, lithium

- support groups

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16
Q

alcoholism systemic effects

A
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Alcoholic myopathy and cardiomyopathy
  • Esophagitis, gastritis, and pancreatitis
  • Alcoholic hepatitis
  • Cirrhosis of the liver
  • Leukopenia
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Cancer (head and neck)
17
Q

nursing process: assessment

A
  • Family assessment (codependence): cluster of behaviors exhibited to help someone
  • Self-assessment: self judgement, cope effectively
18
Q

nursing process: planning

A
  • Identifying problem
  • Setting a goal
  • Determining the interventions that will accomplish the goal
19
Q

nursing process: implementation

A
  • Promoting safety and sleep: first-line interventions
  • Reintroduce good nutrition and hydration: folic acid, thiamine, multivitamin, healthy diet
  • Support for self-care (hygiene)
  • Exploring harmful thoughts and spiritual distress: not being a good Christian
20
Q

advnaced practice interventions

A

Brief interventions

  • FRAMES: Feedback; responsibility; advice to change; menu of treatment options; empathic communication; self-efficacy
  • Counseling
  • Relapse prevention: realize internal and external stimuli
  • Psychobiological interventions
  • Pharmacological
  • psycho therapy: talk therapy
  • motivational interviewing: helps what they feel insecure about and help change that behavior
21
Q

care continuum for substance abuse

A
  • Detoxification (detox)
  • Rehabilitation: short term
  • Halfway houses: residential treatment in substance free community case management: help w resources
  • Other housing: drug free living in a community
  • Partial hospitalization: longer, full week 6 hr day, group and individual therapy
  • Intensive outpatient (IOP) - treatment
  • Outpatient treatment: 5 hr a week, not as intense
  • Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
  • Relapse prevention
22
Q

withdrawl

A

8-10 hr after a drink

  • quits after prolonged use
  • hears psychotics voices, spiders, delerium, tremors, increased hr, sweating, fevers, anxious, hullicinations
  • 12-24 hr withdrawal seizures start
  • medical emergency
  • librium and ativan taper for 72 hours
  • 72 hours watch window
23
Q

pancritis

A

prolonged plus 5 years of drinking

24
Q

alcohol hepatitis

A

toxins from alc

due to prolonged use

25
Q

wernicke-korsakoff

A

wern: short term confusion
kors: long term memory loss
- low thiamine levels
- iron, thiamine, multivitamins

26
Q

liver cirrhosis

A
  • ascites
  • janudince
  • thin
  • malnorished
  • sad

Psychiatric Nursing (22 decks)

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