substances-related and addictive disorder Flashcards
substances that lead to use disorder
Alcohol Caffeine Cannabis Hallucinogen Inhalant Opioid Sedative-hypnotic Stimulant Tobacco
Other: Process addiction—Gambling
concepts central to addictive use disorder
- Addiction: being dependent, can not without
- Intoxication: wasted, high, black out
- Tolerance: body get use to substances
- Withdrawal: symptoms you have when you stop taking the substance
comorbidity
- Psychiatric comorbidity: anxiety
- Medical comorbidity: alc disorder
+Diabetes
+Hepatitis C
+Psoriasis
caffeine
- Most widely used psychoactive substance in the world
- Can result in intoxication and withdrawal
cannibis
- Most widely used illegal drug in the world
- Fourth most commonly used psychoactive drug in the United States after caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine
hallucinogens
Cause a profound disturbance in reality
inhalents
- Solvents for glues and adhesives
- Propellants
- Thinners
- Fuels
opioids
- Heroin and prescription drugs
- Pharmacologic treatment: Methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone
intoxication symtoms
- motor retardation
- slurred speech
- pupils dilation
clondrine
used to treat opioid withdrawl symptoms
- check on pt. every 4 hr
Sedative, hypnotic, and antianxiety medications
- Benzodiazepines(cns depressants)
- Benzodiazepine-like drugs
- Carbamates
- Barbiturates
- Barbiturate-like hypnotics
stimulants
- Amphetamine-type, cocaine, or other stimulant drugs
- Second only to cannabis as the most widely used illicit substances in the United States
- symtoms: withdrawl, tired, insomonia, hypersomonia, retardation
serious withdrawl
- sucide
- depression
(valium can help)
alcohol
- Sedative creating an initial feeling of euphoria
- Decreased inhibitions
- Binge-drinking versus heavy drinking
+ bringe: too mcuh to drink in short time
+ Heavy: too much to often - Intoxication and withdrawal
- Alcohol-induced amnestic disorder
- Fetal alcohol syndrome: created developmental delays
treatment for gamblers
- albutrium, lithium
- support groups
alcoholism systemic effects
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Alcoholic myopathy and cardiomyopathy
- Esophagitis, gastritis, and pancreatitis
- Alcoholic hepatitis
- Cirrhosis of the liver
- Leukopenia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Cancer (head and neck)
nursing process: assessment
- Family assessment (codependence): cluster of behaviors exhibited to help someone
- Self-assessment: self judgement, cope effectively
nursing process: planning
- Identifying problem
- Setting a goal
- Determining the interventions that will accomplish the goal
nursing process: implementation
- Promoting safety and sleep: first-line interventions
- Reintroduce good nutrition and hydration: folic acid, thiamine, multivitamin, healthy diet
- Support for self-care (hygiene)
- Exploring harmful thoughts and spiritual distress: not being a good Christian
advnaced practice interventions
Brief interventions
- FRAMES: Feedback; responsibility; advice to change; menu of treatment options; empathic communication; self-efficacy
- Counseling
- Relapse prevention: realize internal and external stimuli
- Psychobiological interventions
- Pharmacological
- psycho therapy: talk therapy
- motivational interviewing: helps what they feel insecure about and help change that behavior
care continuum for substance abuse
- Detoxification (detox)
- Rehabilitation: short term
- Halfway houses: residential treatment in substance free community case management: help w resources
- Other housing: drug free living in a community
- Partial hospitalization: longer, full week 6 hr day, group and individual therapy
- Intensive outpatient (IOP) - treatment
- Outpatient treatment: 5 hr a week, not as intense
- Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
- Relapse prevention
withdrawl
8-10 hr after a drink
- quits after prolonged use
- hears psychotics voices, spiders, delerium, tremors, increased hr, sweating, fevers, anxious, hullicinations
- 12-24 hr withdrawal seizures start
- medical emergency
- librium and ativan taper for 72 hours
- 72 hours watch window
pancritis
prolonged plus 5 years of drinking
alcohol hepatitis
toxins from alc
due to prolonged use
wernicke-korsakoff
wern: short term confusion
kors: long term memory loss
- low thiamine levels
- iron, thiamine, multivitamins
liver cirrhosis
- ascites
- janudince
- thin
- malnorished
- sad
