childhood and neurodevelopment disorders Flashcards
assessment data
allergies, head to toe
data collection
medical history
mental status exam
also reflexes, groin knees, and feet
development assessment
language development, recognizing cues, responding, time out, socially in school
present illness
- angry
- outburst
- can socialize
- not wanting to be touches
- behaviors at school
- developmental things: pregn complications
General Interventions for Children and Adolescents
- Behavioral interventions: reward system, point system
- Play therapy: allows childrent o express themselves
- Bibliotherapy: literature to help with feelings
- Expressive arts therapy: allowing express through art
- Journaling
- Music therapy: good for developmental delays
- Family interventions
- Psychopharmacology: complementary treatment, not all meds
- Disruptive behavior management: least restrictive thing to do, quiet room, seclusions, and restraints
group therapy: younger children
uses play and ideas
group therapy: grade school children
combines play, learning skills, and talk
group therapy adolescents
identifying emotions, modifying responses, learning skills and talking, focusing largely on peer relationships and addressing specific problems
cognitive- behavioral therapy
Replacing negative, self-defeating thoughts with more realistic and accurate appraisals to improve functioning
neurodevelopment disorders
Communication disorders Motor disorders Specific learning disorder Intellectual developmental disorder ASD ADHD
speech disorders
Problems in making sounds
communication disorders
deficit in language skills acquisition that impairment in academic, achievement, socialization, or self worth
language disorders
types
- Difficulty understanding or in using words in context and appropriately
- May be evident by inability to follow directions
- Expressive language disorder
- Social communication disorder
- trouble with verbal and nonverbal means
- speech therapy work with him
receptive
difficulty understanding
expressive
difficulty finding right words
developmental coordinations disorder
- Impairments in motor skill development
- Coordination below the child’s developmental age
- say they dont want to do it if they realize they cant
sterotypic movement disorder
Repetitive, purposeless movements for 4 weeks or more
tic disorders
Sudden nonrhythmic and rapid motor movements or vocalizations
treatment:
- physical and occupational therapy
types of tic disorders
Tourette’s disorder
Persistent motor or vocal tic disorder
Provisional tic disorder
tourette’s disorder
multiple motor ticks for 1y can be brought on by stress
Persistent motor or vocal tic disorder
single/multiple motor tick for 1y
Provisional tic disorder
single/ multiple motor or vocal ticks
treating tic disorders
Behavioral techniques
Medications
Deep brain stimulation (DBS)
motor disorders medications
haldol (1st gen)
abilfilo (2nd)
catapress
botox
specific learning disorders
noticied by teacher b/c way below performance of peers
- parents should get them evaluated
- schools can help with services
- individual treatment plan
- progress monitor
- specialized interventions different from class
- low self esteem drop out and trouble with employment
dyslexia
reading
dyscalculia
math
dysgraphia
written expression
Intellectual Development Disorders
Intellectual functioning
Social functioning
Daily functioning
intellectual development disorders
can be mild to extremely severe
- begin in childhood
intellectual functioning
deficit in reading problem solving
social functioning
impaired communication and language regulating emotion
daily functioning
daily life affected
Application of the Nursing Process
Assessment guidelines
- Assess for delays: parents/teacher
- Assess for signs of potential neglect or abuse
Diagnosis: lack of empathy: impaired social reaction
Outcomes identification
- Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)
Implementation
- Psychosocial interventions: early interventions care giver involvement, school involvement
Evaluation: use fullness of programs and services
Autism Spectrum Disorders
- Deficits in social relatedness and relationships
- Stereotypical repetitive speech
- Obsessive focus on specific objects
- Over adherence to routines or rituals
- Hyper- or hypo-reactivity to sensory input
- Extreme resistance to change
- Appears in early childhood
ASD assessment
developement delays, communication, sensory stim, relationships within family abuse, intellectual ability
asd diagnosis
lack of coordination head banging
asd outcomes
reframe from outburst, talk through it
asd implementation
provide structure, consistency, reward system
- psychological interventions
- psychobiological interventions
asd interventions
physical occupational speech therapy
asd meds
- abilifi
- respiradol
ADHD
Inappropriate degree of
- Inattention
- Impulsiveness
- Hyperactivity
- commonly seen in school
- temper outburst
- low self esteem
ADD
inattentiveness but not hyperactive
adhd assessment, diagnosis
Assessment
- Level of physical activity, attention span, talkativeness
- Social skills
- Comorbidity: learning disorder, disregulation, impulsive
Diagnosis: low self esteem, anxiety
adhd outcomes
- child saftey
- self control
- energy is managed
- improving self esteem
- postive coping skills
- family function n
adhd services
intense out patient, charter school, residential, group home
- cognitive therapy: coping skills
- family involved
- consistency limits
meds for adhd
ridiline aderal
increase pay attention, less impulsive, less distracted
