substance exchange

Question 1

what are spiracles

Answer 1

pores on the surface of an incest that allow movemnt of gtases in and out of the incect due to concetration gradient

Question 2

what are tracheoles

Answer 2

split from the trachea penetrate tissues so gases can diffuse in and out of the muscles cells through thin walls

Question 3

what are trachea

Answer 3

air filled tubes in the o insects held open by chitin

Question 4

what is abdominal pumping

Answer 4

contraction of muscles in order to create pressure by decreasing to volume of the trachea this forces co2 out and creates a concentration gradient removing co2 allowing more oxygen to enter the insect

Question 5

what is counter current flow

Answer 5

water is flowing in the opposite direction as the blood flow so diffusion is happening along the whole length of the lamella as there is always a concentration gradient

Question 6

what is the opperculum

Answer 6

the flap on top of the gills

Question 7

what happens when a fish opens its mouth

Answer 7

opurculem closes large space with low pressure water flows in

Question 8

what happens when a fish closes its mouth

Answer 8

pressure rises as volume decreases forces the water over the gills through the lammella and out pushing open the opurculem

Question 9

what are the 2 structures in the gill

Answer 9

gill filamet branch, contains the lamella and the gill arch