subq and intramuscular injections Flashcards
what forms do parenteral meds come in
liquid or powder
powder must be reconsituted
what are some supplies used for injections
-syringe
-ampules
-vials
-cartidges
-pens
-prefilled syringes
where should you draw up medications
at the bedside, immediately prior to administration
will need barcode on vial
who administers the medication?
only the person who prepares the medication
should you leave meds at the bedside?
nope
how do you dispose of unused meds?
per policy
after administering a med, what do you do with the needle?
immediately engage the safety mechanism and dispose use equipment in sharps container
describe parenteral med administration
-invasive
-sterlie/aseptic technique
-requires precise calculation of the dose
-requires accurate site identification
-requires careful technique
-provides rapid response
what are the med administration essentials?
-triple check
-three checks
-six rights
-patient rights
-pre administration assessment
-evaluation
describe the process of withdrawing meds from a vial
-disinfect stopper on the vial
-pull back plunger on syringe equal to the desired amount of fluid
-remove cap from needle, place on table
-pierce stopper with the needle using a 90 degree angle
-keep the tip of the needle in the air at the top of the vial
-inject air into the vial. keep thumb on plunger
-invert the vial and syringe, keeping thumb on the plunger
-retract needle, so that it remains in the fluid
-aspirate the plunger to withdraw the desired amount of fluid
describe mixing medications
-determine compatibility of the medications
-do not contaminate one medication with the other
-ensure the final dose is accurate
-mainatin aspetic technique
what should NPH insulin look like?
cloudy
if its not, roll vial between palms
what happens if you overdraw while mixing medications?
discard and start all over
what order should you draw up the meds when mixing regular insulin and NPH?
regular first, then NPH
describe minimizing discomfort when giving injections
-use smallest suitable needle
-position client comfortably
-select proper site
-use distraction as appropriate
-stabilize the skin
-hold syringe steady
-insert the needle quickly and smoothly
-inject the medication slowly
angle of injection
intramuscular
90 degrees
angle of injection
subQ
-45 degrees or 90 degrees
-depends on the length of the needke and amount of subQ available
angle of injection
intradermal
15 degrees
what syringe is used for subQ injections
insulin
1-3ml syringe
what needle is used for subQ injections
-often pre-attached to syringe
-gauge 25-31
-length 3/8” to 1” (usually 3/8”-5/8”)
-some insulin syringes may have 5/16” needle
where can you find subQ administration sites
-abdomen (at least 1-2” away from the umbilicus)
-outer aspects of upper arms
-outer thigh
-upper buttock
-scapular area
what can you do to prevent tissue damage with subQ administration
-rotate sites
-do no aspirate
-do not massage
-avoid sites with bruising, pitting, and lumps
-use a volume of 1ml or less
what are the symptoms of hyperglycemia
-flushed
-warm to touch
-thirsty
-hungry
-frequent urination
what are some symptoms of hypoglycemia
-sweaty
-cold
-drowsy
-HA
-sweaty
-irritable
what are some generic names of rapid acting insulin
-aspart
-glulisine
-lispro
describe finding the deltiod
-smallest site
-feel for chromium process then go two finger beadths down below
-barely posterior to midline
describe finding the ventrogluteal site
-this is the preferred injection site
-pt should be on side
-place hand on greater trochanter of hip with thumb pointing midline and middle and pointer finger on pelvic bone, inject in between those two fingers
-after finding site you can move your fingers if not comfotable injecting between them
describe finding the vastus lateralis site
middle third of lateral side of thigh
