skin integrity and wound healing

Question 1

name the three layers of the skin

Answer 1

-epidermis
-dermis
-subq tissue

Question 2

describe the epidermis

Answer 2

-outer later
-avascular
-sheds every 7-45 days
-has hair, glands, and nails

Question 3

describe the dermis

Answer 3

-middle layer, also the thickest
-connective tissue, vascularized
-supports the epidermis

Question 4

describe the subQ tissue

Answer 4

-bottom layer
-made up of fat and connectve tissue

Question 5

name some functions of the integumentary system

Answer 5

-protection
-metabolism
-thermoregulation
-elimination
-sensation
-psychosocial
-absorption

Question 6

functions of integumentary system

describe protection

Answer 6

-protects from physical and chemical injury
-sebum (gives skin acidic pH)
-normal flora
-melanin

Question 7

functions of integumentary system

describe metabolism

Answer 7

vitamin D

necessary for efficient absorption of Ca++

Question 8

functions of integumentary system

describe thermoregulation

Answer 8

dilation and constriction of blood vessels

Question 9

functions of integumentary system

describe elimination

Answer 9

water, electrolytes, wastes

Question 10

functions of integumentary system

describe sensation

Answer 10

nerve endings in sin provide valuable info and protection

Question 11

functions of integumentary system

describe psychosocial

Answer 11

-facial expressions
-hair distribution

Question 12

functions of integumentary system

describe absorption

Answer 12

substances absorbed due to vascularity of the skin

Question 13

name some factors that affect the integumentary system

Answer 13

-circulation
-nutrition
-condition of epidermis
-allergy
-infection
-abnormal growth rate
-systemic diseases

Question 14

factors that affect the integumentary system

describe circulation

Answer 14

-maintains cell life
-no circulation = bad

Question 15

factors that affect the integumentary system

describe nutrition

Answer 15

-adequate intake of vitamins and mineral is important
-helps protect against injury and disease

Question 16

factors that affect the integumentary system

describe condition of epidermis

Answer 16

-adequate moisture is important
-too dry = break
-too wet = break

Question 17

factors that affect the integumentary system

describe allergy

Answer 17

-histamine release
-rashes, hives, swelling

Question 18

factors that affect the integumentary system

describe infection

Answer 18

too many normal flora = infection

Question 19

factors that affect the integumentary system

describe abnormal growth rate

Answer 19

-psoriasis is an increased rate of growth of skin cells
-mainly effects elbows, knees, scalp, and soles of feet
-systemic inflammation
-periods of remission and exacerbation

Question 20

factors that affect the integumentary system

describe systemic diseases

Answer 20

-PVD -> decreased circulation
-hepatic failure and renal failure
-neuropathy -> cant feel what happens to skin and slower healing

Question 21

what are some manifestions of altered integumentary function

Answer 21

-pain
-pruritus (itching)
-rash
-lesions

Question 22

what are some different types of alterations in integumentary function?

Answer 22

-intentional or unintentional
-open or closed
-acute or chronic

Question 23

alterations in integumentary function

describe intentional

Answer 23

-serve a therapeutic purpose
-wound edges are clean and bleeding is usually controlled
-risk for infection is decreased

Question 24

alterations in integumentary function

describe unintentional

Answer 24

-more prone to infection due to longer healing time
-abrsions, lacerations, puncture wound, thermal
-wound edges are usually jagged and bleeding is uncontrolled

Question 25

alterations in integumentary function

describe closed

Answer 25

-blunt trauma
-skin surface is not broken, damage to soft tissue
-examples include ecchymosis and hematoma

Question 26

alterations in integumentary function

describe acute

Answer 26

-rapid onset
-heal in days to weeks
-normal healing process

Question 27

alterations in integumentary function

describe chronic

Answer 27

-more susceptible to infection
-no normal healing process, remains in inflammatory phase

Question 28

alterations in integumentary function

describe open

Answer 28

-occurs from intentional or unintentional trauma
-skin surface is broken
-bleeding, tissue damage, and increased risk for infection
-examples include incisions and abrasions

Question 29

developmental considerations

children younger than 2 years

Answer 29

-skin is thinner and weaker
-an infant’s skin and mucous membranes are easily injured and subject to infection
-becomes increasingly resistent to injury and infection

Question 30

developmental considerations

elderly

Answer 30

-maturation of epidermal cells is prolonged, leading to thin, easily damaged skin
-circulation and collagen formation are impaired, leading to decreased elasticity and increased risk for tissue damage form pressure