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Microbio II Exam 1 > Subcutaneous Mycoses of skin > Flashcards

Subcutaneous Mycoses of skin Flashcards

1
Q

chromoblastomycosis caused by

A

cladophialophora carrion
fonseacea compact and pedrosi
phialophora verrucosa

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2
Q

epi of chromoblastomycosis*

how?

A

Americas
Africa
Japan

due to traumatic implantation of fomites into skin

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3
Q

pathogenesis chromoblastomycosis

incubation

A

incubation 1 month or more
invasion of subq tissue resulting in suppurative exudate with fibrous tissue firing foci of necrosis

sclerotic cells in granulomas

causes collagenous encapsulation of CT around the fungi– hyperplasia and granulomas

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4
Q

s/s chromoblastomycosis *

A
  1. verrucous dermatitis- causing cauliflower shaped lesions*
  2. cladosporiosis- single / multiple lesions in brain
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5
Q

dx chromoblaromycosis

A

sclerotic bodies* with branching hyphae thick walled round to oval brown cells with septa in infected tissue

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6
Q

tx chromoblastomycosis

A

itraconazole

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7
Q

phaehyphomycosis

A

darkly pigmented dematiaceou monomorphic molds

100 species of melanized

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8
Q

epi of phaehyphomycosis

special?

A

literally found everywhere
humans and animals resevoirs

transmitted via traumatic implantation

IMMUNOCOMPROMISED with impaired innate immunity or metabolic disease

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9
Q

path phaehyphomycosis

A

multiple granulomatous accesses formed in tissues surrounding swollen oval hyphae and conidia

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10
Q

s.s phaehyphomycosis

A

cutaneous- cracks fissured ulcerated lichenified skin with formation of abscess plaques and granulomas (same color as fungus)

asymptomatic solitary well encapsulated

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11
Q

dx phaehyphomycosis

A

branched masses of brown hyphae and pigmented condos with melanin

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12
Q

tx phaehyphomycosis

A

iconazole

but theres resistance `

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13
Q

pseudallescheriasis by

A

pseudallesheria boidy
and madullera mycetomatis

cause eumucetomas - (fancy granulomas) in the ascomycota phylum

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14
Q

epi pseudallescheriasis

A

worldwide in decaying veg manure and polluted water

inhalation traumatic implantaiton

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15
Q

path pseudallescheriasis

how does it evade immunity

A

months to years
form granulomas which develop into allergic rxns

deposit extracellular melanin forming thick cell walls and immunomodulation

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16
Q

s/s pseudallescheriasis

A

eumycetomas- painless tumor like swellings in skin that ulcerate
form sinus tracts
woody disfigurement *

Pulmonary - bronhcial pneumonia and fungus ball formation

17
Q

dx pseudallescheriasis

A

exudate has granules that has broad branching septate hyphae
with dense nutropwlic exudate as black grains

18
Q

tx pseudallescheriasis

A

ketoconazole (after surgery)

19
Q

rhinosporiodosis by

A

rhinosporidium seeberi

20
Q

epi rhinosporiodosis

A

worldwide

inhalation or contact with stagnant water

21
Q

path rhinosporiodosis

A

micro absences or polyps form when they establish infection in mucosa
filled with endospores form granulomas

22
Q

s/s rhinosporiodosis

A

nasal- sessile / pedunculate polyps
cutaneius- wart like cutenaous lesions

systemic- polyps bone liver ling and brain

23
Q

dx rhinosporiodosis

A

biopsied tissues with thick walled spherules*- (sporangia)and endospores inside

24
Q

tx rhinosporiodosis

A

Amphotericin B

25
Q

lobomycosis caused by

A

lacazia loboi

monomorphic yeast

26
Q

epi lobomycosis
location

reservoir

transmission

A

south and central america Florida

humans and Dolphins (so like he would say in a plant within an island?)

27
Q

lobomycosis incubation and transmission

A

transmitted via traumatic contact with the skin

incubation one month or more

28
Q

path lobomycosis

A

yeast cells release toxic compounds that produced inflammatory reaction leading to chronic granulomas

29
Q

s.s lobomycosis

what can develop??

A

painless plaques and keloids on skin that ulcerate spreading to form tumor like areas of infection

squamous cell carcinomas can develop

30
Q

dx lobomycosis

culture?

A

thick walled globose lemon shaped budding yeasts joined by short tubes
[lemon shaped yeast cells]

can’t be cultures

31
Q

tx lobomycosis

A

surgical excision

Microbio II Exam 1 (10 decks)

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