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Microbio II Exam 1 > Protozoan Infections > Flashcards

Protozoan Infections Flashcards

1
Q

acanthamoebic keratitis caused by

A

acanthamoeba castellani

non arthropod amoeba

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2
Q

epi acanthamoebic keratitis

A

worldwide air soil water

accidental human infection

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3
Q

life cycle acanthamoeba castellani

A

in fresh water it multiplies as amoebas forming cysts which can revert back to amoebas in soil

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4
Q

which part of cycle damages humans of acanthamoeba castellani
and what does it damage

A

both amoebic and cystic forms

- lungs eyes skin uterus following exposure to soil swimming how tubs OR CONTACT LENSES

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5
Q

how does acanthamoeba castellani damage eyes

A

it has to enter through a DAMAGE in the eye tissue, like chlorinated pool/ eye infection

it loves pseudomonas! which is often found in contact solution

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6
Q

acanthamoebic path
what plays a role in infection

characteristic***

A

bacterial confection (pseudomonas)

enzymes released by amoebas causes a characteristic stromal infiltrate in the shape of a ring within the eye**

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7
Q

acanthamoebic immunity?

A

antibody dependent dependent cellular rxn (lymphokines and opsonization of amoeba by antibody)
no partial immunity

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8
Q

s/s acanthamoebic immunity

what do you have to keep in mind

A

uveitis, optic neuritis corneal keratitis

can lead to granulomatous amoebic encephalitis in immunosuppressed patient!

skin lesions present as ulcers, nodules or accesses

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9
Q

dx acanthamoebic*

A

amoebas or star like cysts in tissue exudates

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10
Q

tx acanthamoebic

A

propamidine

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11
Q

trichomoniasis cause by? description

A

trichomonas vaginallis

non arthropod flagellated protozoan

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12
Q

trichomoniasis reservoir

A

humans only

its the only definitive host

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13
Q

bad thing about trichomonas

A

they can survive 1-2 hours on moist surfaces

viable up to 24 hours in urine or semen

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14
Q

life cycle of trichomonas

A

transmitted by sexual contact OR droplets on contaminated fomites

no cyst stage*
can live in vagina and prostate of humans and are passed directly to uninfected person

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15
Q

path trichomonas

A

damage is caused by the proliferation of colonies in vagina or Urinary tract

it c causes destruction of epithelial cells causing infiltration inflammation vaginitis

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16
Q

s.s trichomoniasis

A

vaginitis with frothy green yellow vaginal secretions
foul odor and intense irritation
urethritis and petechiae

male- urethritis, prostatitis or sterility

(1/2 are asymptomatic)

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17
Q

dx trichomoniasis

A

pyriform flagellated moline trophozoites in vaginal or wet preparations

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18
Q

tx trichomoniasis

A

metronidazole
tx all sex partners

but 3-4 weeks it self cures

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19
Q

leishmaniasis caused by

A

leishmania braziliensis
leishmania donovani
leishmania mexicana
leishmania tropica

20
Q

leishmania tropica location

A

africa asia europe

21
Q

leishmania donovani location

A

africa asia europe and south americal

22
Q

leishmania braziliensis and mexicana location

A

central and south america

humans and non humans as reservoirs

23
Q

how is leishmania transmitted

A

direct contact with infected tissue

congenitally from mother to child d

24
Q

leishmania vector

amastigote v trypomastigote

A

biting female sand fly

amastigote- no flagella
trypomastigote- flagella

25
Q

life cycle of leishmania?

A

sandfly ingest macrophages containing amastigote (no flagella) from infected person or animal

amastigote develops into trypomastigote in sandflies which are infected into new host

trypomastogote enters macrophage and turns into amastigote to replicate and multiply in tissues

26
Q

incubation leishmania

A

cutaneous- weeks to months

visceral- weeks to years

27
Q

path leishmania

A

infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells result in hyperkeratosis, necrosis and ulceration of skin and mucoid membrane

28
Q

which leishmania is visceral

A

leishmania donovani- they are distributed throughout the reticuloendothelial system by macrophages

29
Q

immunity leishmania

A

protective immunity to SPECIES that causes infection!

30
Q

leishmania tropica ss

A

papules nodules and scars on skin

31
Q

leishmania brazilensis and tropicana s s

A

ulcers on skin and mucous membranes

32
Q

leishmania donovani s s

A

fever edema anemia diarrhea weakness conjunctivitis keratitis photophobia

THEIR ORGANS GET HUGEE

33
Q

dx leishmania

A

biopsies of organs (tissue and bone biopsy) and skin

- shows intracellular amastigotes

34
Q

tx leishmania

A

antimony sodium gluconate

35
Q

Schistosome dermatitis
by
AKA

A

by schistosome species (trematode)

aka swimmers itch

36
Q

leishmania reservoirs*

A

cattle
dogs
rats
SLOTHS

37
Q

schistosome dermatitis
caused by
AKA

A

schistosome species

aka swimmers itch

38
Q

epi schistosome

host

intermediate host

dead end host

A

found in fresh or salt water

animals or birds are reservoirs and definitive hosts

intermediate- snail

humans- dead end host

39
Q

life cycle of schistosome

A

adult worms live in blood vessels of animals and birds– release eggs via poopy

miracidia hatch and penetrate snails – which develop into cercaria

cercaria penetrate the skin of humans when contact is made

40
Q

in humans which life cycle of schistosome do we have>?>

A

Cercaria*
(they Never turn into adult worms)
they just live under the skin but don’t enter the blood vessles

41
Q

path schistosome

A

the proteins of cercaria induce inflammatory response in skin– producing serpiginous tunnels where they die

42
Q

immunity/ sensitivity schistosome

A

delayed hypersensitivity

no immunity

43
Q

s/s schistosome

A

tunnel lesions ==
vesicles papules and hemorrhagic rash that can elead to secondary bacterial infections

lesions go away but sensitivity is present

44
Q

dx schistosome

A

observation of symptoms

finding of larva in tissue biopsy

45
Q

tx schistosome

A

antihistamines

Microbio II Exam 1 (10 decks)

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