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Microbio II Exam 1 > Cutaneous Mycoses of skin > Flashcards

Cutaneous Mycoses of skin Flashcards

1
Q

Otomycoses caused by

A

aspergillus
penicillium
mucor
rhizopus

(opportunistic molds that cause outer ear infections

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2
Q

epi otomycoses

A

world wide
soil
humans and animals are NOT reservoirs

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3
Q

transmission otomycoses

A

coming in contact with contaminated fomites

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4
Q

path otomycoses

A

accumulation of large masses of fungi or bacteria in external ear canal

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5
Q

s/s otomycoses

A

chronic ear infection itching pain inflammation and loss of hearing

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6
Q

dx otomycoses

A

fragments of mycelium with or without septa

conidiophores and sporangiospores may be seen

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7
Q

tx otomycoses

A

ketoconazole

wax hook

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8
Q

tinea faciei caused by

A

trycophyton mentagrophytes
trycophyton rubrum
infection on glabrous skin of face (hair less)

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9
Q

epi of tinea facial

A

worldwide

p2p p2m fomite and aerial

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10
Q

pathogenesis of tinea facei

A

by trycophyton

hypae growing release enzymes producing edema and leukocytic infiltrations

mold allergins cause granuloma formations

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11
Q

tinea facei immunity

A

PARTIAL protective immunity

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12
Q

s/s of tinea facei

A

calin annular or circular lesions with raised margins and papule
pruritus burning and erythema are present

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13
Q

dx tinea facei

A

hyphae with microconida

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14
Q

tx tinea facie

A

myconazole

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15
Q

tinea barbae

aka

A

trycophyton interdigitale
trycophyton violaceum
aka barbers itch

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16
Q

epi of tinea barbae

transmission

A

worldwide
commonly in rural areas (farmers) with high temp and humidity

p2p m2p fomite and aerial

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17
Q

pathogenesis of tinea barbae

A

trycophyton

mycelia grow into pores of hair shafts causing edema and leukocyte infiltrations

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18
Q

immunity tinea barbae

A

partial

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19
Q

s.s tinea barbae

A

trycophyton

mild superficial- scaly lesions with vesiculopusturlar borders bearded areas

  • deep pustular- follicular pustules on bearded areas of skin
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20
Q

dx tinea barbae

A

trycophyton

microconida on hyphae

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21
Q

tx tinea barbae

A

trycophyton

terbinafide

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22
Q

tinea capitis ectothrix caused by

AKA

A

microsporum
(audouini and canis) `

aka grey patch ring worm

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23
Q

tinea capitis ecto epi

A

by microsporum

ecothrix world wide
tina favosa- africa and europe

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24
Q

tinea Capitis ecto transmisison

A

p2p m2p fomite airborne

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25
Q

tinea capitis ecto immunity

A

partial

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26
Q

tinea capitis ecto s/s

A

microsporum

begin as coalesced papule and develop into legions (weeping) and keloids (scars)

allergic reaction – causing severe itching and alopecia

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27
Q

tinea favosa

A

type of tinea capitis caused by tricophyton schoenleini - mycelia interact with s camp proteins producing dead cell masses in mats of hair– yellowing brown cup shaped skin crusts

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28
Q

tx tinea capitis exto

A

microsporum

tx- griseofulvin

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29
Q

dx tinea capitis exto

A

hyphae with macroconida

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30
Q

difference between tinea capitis endo and exo

A

exo- microsporum

endo- trichophyton (harder to get rid of)

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31
Q

tinea capitis endo caused by

AKA?

A

trichophyton
(tonsurans and violaceum)

aka black dot ring worm*

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32
Q

path tinea capitis endo

A

trichophyton

conidia found inside hair shaft
if cuticle involved- initial lesions that develop into erythematous circular lesions

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33
Q

immunity tinea capitis endo

A

by trichophyton

partial

34
Q

s/s tinea capitis endo

A

erythematous scaling circular lesions w black dots (broken off hairs)— infection can result in hair loss

35
Q

dx tinea capitis endo

A

conydia and hyphae inside hair shafts

36
Q

tx tinea capitis endo

A

terbinafine

37
Q

tinea corporis caused by

A

trichophyton (interdigital and rubrum )
epidermophyton floccosum
microsporum canis

38
Q

epi tinea corporis

A

world wide

transmission (4)

39
Q

path tinea corporis

A

hyphae or conydia infect horny layer of skin – spread out in glabrous skin

40
Q

s.s tinea corporis

A
  1. annular
    - small spreading circular areas of erythema that become scaly in center with red margins
    BECOME CHRONIC
  2. vesicular
    - Vesicles and pustules behind erythematous border
41
Q

dx tinea corporis

A

mycelia and conidiospores

microsporum canis cas club shaped macroconidia with rough walls

42
Q

tx tinea corporis

A

terbinafine

43
Q

tinea unguium caused by

A

epidermophyton flocosum

trichophyton interdigitale

44
Q

tinea unguium associated with

A

tinea pedis and magnum infections in males after puberty

45
Q

tinea unguium pathogenesis

A

unknown incubation period, nail injury predisposes infection

infection starts under nail plate of fingers or toes , grow out of nail plate into stratum corneum

46
Q

s/s tinea unguiumm

A

soft friable keratin, THICKENED NAIL

causes white patches/pits

47
Q

dx tinea unguium

A

hyphae or macroconida presen t

48
Q

tx tinea unguium

A

terbinafide

most infections become resistant and are chronic

49
Q

sub ungual dermatophytosis

A

lateral or distal edges of nail are first involved, then develop into nail plate– brittle friable and thickened

50
Q

tinea manuum caused by

A

tricophyton interdigitale
epidermophyton flocossum
microsporum gypseum

on palms and fingers

51
Q

epi tinea manum

A

world wide

associated with males

52
Q

pathogenesis tinea manum

A

infection begins due to maceration ( moisture due to extended wear like gloves) due to occupational activities

infection result in lesions that are exfoliative, erythematous and scaly sheets if stub

53
Q

s.s. tinea manum

A

diffuse hyperkeratosis of palms and fencers with concentric exfoliation of skin

scaly sheets develop on dorsal of hand

54
Q

dx tinea magnum

A

hyphae macroconida

55
Q

tx tinea magnum

A

miconazole

56
Q

tinea cruris caused by

AKA

A

trycophyton rubrum
epidermophyton floccosum

jock itch

57
Q

epidemiology tinea cruris

A

worldwide p2p areal and fomites

20-30 males commonly infected

58
Q

pathogenesis tinea cruris

A

hyphae invade groin and perianal areas causing edematous lesions

59
Q

s/s tinea cruris

A

circular lesions in groin and scrotum areas
develops into serpiginous* erythematous lesions

erythema and intense itching occur

60
Q

dx tinea cruris

A

epidermophyton- club shaped macroconidia

tricophyton- microconidia

61
Q

tx tinea cruris

A

terbinafine

loose clothes and lsoss of weight lessen chance of infection

62
Q

tinea pedis caused by

aka

A

tricophytoon interdigitale and rubrum
epidermophyton floccosum

aka athletes foot

63
Q

epi of tinea pedis

A

most common fungal infection of humans

p2p aerial and fomites

64
Q

pathogenesis of tinea pedis

A

breakdown in host skin promotes invasion of epidermis, localized to keratinized skin ( between toes)

  • papulosquamous hyperkeratotic skin is seen
65
Q

immunity tinea pedis*

A

poor cel mediated- no partial or protective immunity

66
Q

s.s tinea pedis

A

itching
intertriginou dermatitis with peeling maceration and fissuring of skin intertriginous (between 3 4 5 toes)

also vesicular form that ulcerates– cause secondary bacterial infections to develop

67
Q

dx tinea pedis

A

stained prep of hyphae with micro or macroconida

68
Q

tx tinea pedis

A

terbinafide

69
Q

onychomycosis caused by

A 
arthroderma
aspergillus
candidda
geotrichum
scopulariopsis
70
Q

epidemiology onychomycosis

transmission

who gets it?

A

worldwide in soil

transmitted via implantation with spore contaminated fomites

nail infection accompanies disease that causes patient to be immunosuppressed*

71
Q

pathogenesis of onychomycoses

A

damage to nail architecture THAT DOES NOT THICKEN

painful with brittleness of nails

72
Q

dx of onychomycoses

A

various forms of hyper elements- branching non branchin

73
Q

tx of onychomycoses

A

ittraconazole

74
Q

description of candidiasis

A

monomorphic opportunistic yeast

75
Q

epi of candidiasis

A

normal floral human

p2p nosocomial and fomites

76
Q

path of candidiasis

farnesol?

A

gelatinous types of lesions develop – due to mucoid degeneration of tissue — causing formation of large emboli

farnesol helps turn from invasive to non invasive

77
Q

s/s candidiasis

A

thrush, etc
paronychia- swelling of paronychial folds

systenic- fever headache anorexia myalgia hepatosplenomegaly heart problems

can be induced due to prolongues antibiotic tx

78
Q

dx candidiasis

A

chains of oval budding yeast cells with pseudophyphae and blastospores

in serum* in cheek its part of normal flora

79
Q

tx candidiasis

A

fluconazole or amphotericin B

80
Q

immunity of candidiasis

A

NONE

allergic rxns can develop

Microbio II Exam 1 (10 decks)

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