stuffy nose Flashcards
give an example of a decongestant
pseudoephedrine
give an example of an anticholinergic
ipratropium
give an example of a LTR blocker
montelukast
give an example of a topical corticosteroid
beclometasone
core nasal symptoms
- blockage
- loss of smell
- discharge
- facial pain
other nasal symptoms
- sneezing
- itch
- crusting
- epistaxis
secondary symptoms of stuffy nose
- dry mouth
- sore throat
- snoring
- halitosis
- loss of taste
nasal examination
- airway patency
- external nose
- rhinoscopy
infective cause of rhinitis
viral upper respiratory tract infection
non infective causes of rhinitis
- allergic
- non-allergic
persistent forms of allergic rhinitis
- house dust mite
- cat
- dog
intermittent allergic rhinitis
- grass pollen
- tree pollen
- fungal spores
what are nasal polyps associated with
non-allergic asthma
treatment for nasal polyps
topical steroids
-if no better then surgery
presentation of acute infective rhinosinusitis
- facial pain
- discharge
- nasal blockage
treatment for acute infective rhinosinusitis
treat with analgesics and decongestants
-if worse/persisting then antibiotics
investigations for allergic rhinitis
- skin prick tests
- RAST (IgE levels)
treatment for non-infective rhinitis
-allergen/irritant avoidance
-HDM
-change drug therapy
-reduce alcohol etc
if allergic
-topical nasal steroid
-antihistamine
-topical anticholinergic
treatment for infective rhinosinusitis
- nasal decongestant
- analgesia
- broad spectrum antibiotic if severe
complication of acute sinusitis
orbital swelling
- swelling around the eye
- emergency referral
