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Phase 3a conditions list flashcards > Stuff I have got wrong is the past 3 > Flashcards

Stuff I have got wrong is the past 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which HRT increases the risk of breast cancer the most?

A

Combined HRT
not oestrogen only

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of necrotising fasciitis?

A

Strep pyogenes

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3
Q

What is the MOST common complication from surgery to remove a fibroid?

A

Adhesions

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4
Q

What is used to highlight abnormal cervical cells during colposcopy?

A

Acetic acid

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5
Q

What nerves does chant Marie tooth affect?

A

PNS/ lower motor neurones
sx = weakness, high foot arches, LMN signs

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6
Q

What nerves does hereditary spastic paraparesis affect?

A

Upper motor neurone
sx = spasticity, hyperreflexia and gait disturbance

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7
Q

What percent occlusion should carotid endarterectomy be performed?

A

> 50% + symptoms of stroke

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8
Q

What is the likely STI if 6 polymorphs are seen on microscopy?

A

Chlamydia (if no -ve diplococci to suggest gonorrhoea then assume chlamydia)

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9
Q

When should a referral to a fertility service be made if a couple is having difficulty conceiving?

A
  • Under 35 = 12 months
  • Over 35 = 6 months
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10
Q

How is recurrent thrush treated?

A
  • Induction regime = fluconazole every 3 days for 3 doses (1 dose every 3 days)
  • Maintenance = weekly fluconazole for 6 months
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11
Q

What is a blood finding in anorexia nervosa (5)?

A
  • Raised serum cholesterol
  • Raised growth hormone
  • Raised cortisol
  • Low sex hormone levels
  • Deranged electrolytes (most are low)
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12
Q

What is the most common benign brain tumour in children?

A

(Pilocytic astrocytoma)

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13
Q

What antibiotic most commonly reduces the seizure threshold?

A

Ciprofloxacin

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14
Q

What two hormones can be given to treat turners syndrome?

A
  • Growth hormone (somatotropin) - to increase growth
  • Oestrogen - secondary sexual characteristic
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15
Q

What is the imaging for orbital cellulitis?

A

CT orbit with contrast

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16
Q

What is the likely metabolic disturbance seen in hyperventilation?

A

Hypocalcaemia
often found in panic attacks

17
Q

How should mild postnatal depression be managed initially?

A

Psychological therapy first, then SSRIs

18
Q

What is klumpkes palsy?

A

Injury to lower brachial plexus + horners syndrome
often due to forced abduction of arm

19
Q

What is the lesion associated with INO (e.g. if the person looks to the right and only their right eye can look that way - their left eye can’t adduct - what and where is the associated lesion)?

A

Left medial longitudinal fasciulus
*so ipsilateral to the eye unable

20
Q

What is the first line investigation for non suspicious menorrhagia in a young woman?

21
Q

What condition is associated with bilateral vestibular schwannomas?

A

Neurofibromatosis 2

22
Q

What severe skin reaction is allopurinol known to cause?

A

Stevens johnson syndrome

23
Q

If you vomiting within what time period requires emergency contraception to be taken again?

A

Within 3 hours

24
Q

How should those with secondary dysmenorrhoea be managed?

A

Referral to gynaecology

25
Q

What age should a child be bale to confidently run?

26
Q

What is the period of school exclusion for scarlet fever?

A

24 hours after starting antibiotics

27
Q

What is an organic cause of precocious puberty?

A

McCune-Albright syndrome

28
Q

How should ADHD be managed?

A
  1. Watch and wait for 10 weeks since presentation
  2. Behavioural management/ family education
  3. Methylphenidate
29
Q

What are head lice known as?

A

Pediculus capitis

30
Q

How long should OCD be treated with SSRIs after going into remission?

31
Q

How long should symptoms of PTSD, OCD, GAD, schizophrenia, adjustment disorder and mania go on for for a diagnosis?

A
  • PTSD = 1 month
  • OCD = 2 weeks
  • GAD = 6 months
  • Schizophrenia = 1 month
  • Adjustment disorder < months
  • Mania = 1 week
32
Q

What are some blood findings in anorexia nervosa (5)?

A
  • Hypercholesterolaemia
  • Low T3
  • Low FSH/LH
  • Impaired glucose tolerance
  • Raised growth hormone
33
Q

What is the prevalence of schizophrenia in monozygotic twins?

34
Q

When does juvenile myoclonic epilepsy typically occur?

A

Shortly after waking

35
Q

What blood finding can differentiate pseudoseizures and true seizures?

A

Raised prolactin levels

36
Q

Where does eczema typically occur in infants, younger children and older children?

A
  • Infants = face + trunk
  • Younger children = extensor surfaces
  • Older children = flexor surfaces
37
Q

How does acetazolamide work in the management of IIH?

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

38
Q

What are 3 types of Parkinson plus syndrome and what is their main feature?

A
  • Progressive spranulear palsy = impairment of vertical gaze
  • Multiple system atrophy = autonomic disturbance
  • Corticobasal degeneration = alien limb/ useless hand

Phase 3a conditions list flashcards (31 decks)

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