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Phase 3a conditions list flashcards > GP > Flashcards

GP Flashcards

1
Q

What is acne vulgaris?

A

Chronic inflammation of the pilosebaceous unit
the cutibacterium acnes bacteria is felt to play an important role in acne

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2
Q

What makes up the pilosebaceous unit (2)?

A
  • Hair follicule
  • Sebaceous gland
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3
Q

How is acne vulgaris treated?

A
  • Benzoyl peroxide (topical)
  • Topical/ oral retinoids
  • Topical/ oral antibiotics
  • Contraceptive pill (for females)
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4
Q

What is an example of an oral retinoid?

A

Isotretinoin

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5
Q

When can isotretinoin not be used?

A

During pregnancy (teratogenic)

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6
Q

Example of oral antibiotic for acne vulgaris?

A

Lymecycline

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7
Q

Example of topical antibiotic for acne vulgaris?

A

Clindamycin

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8
Q

What is an example of an oral contraceptive used for acne vulgaris?

A

Co-cyprindiol

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9
Q

What are the two types of chest infection?

A
  • Pneumonia
  • Acute bronchitis
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10
Q

How is pneumonia diagnosed?

A

Usually clinically - crackles on the lungs. This usually corresponds to consolidation on X-ray.

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11
Q

How is acute bronchitis treated?

A

Rest + fluids (unless more severe or immunocompromised)

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12
Q

What are some symptoms of acute stress reactions (3)?

A
  • Anxiety
  • Flashbacks/nightmares
  • Fear/ helplessness
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13
Q

How long is the duration of symptoms in an acute stress reaction?

A

< 1 month

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14
Q

Symptoms of allergic rhinitis (4)?

A
  • Itchy nose
  • Sneezing
  • Blocked nose
  • Red watery eyes
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15
Q

Allergic rhinitis treatments (2)?

A
  • Antihistamines
  • Steroid nasal sprays
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16
Q

What are some examples of nasal sprays (3)?

A
  • Beclometasone
  • Fluticasone
  • Mometasone
17
Q

What is anaemia?

A

Low concentration of haemoglobin in the blood

18
Q

What are the three types of anaemia?

A
  • Microcytic
  • Normocytic (80-100)
  • Macrocytic
19
Q

What causes microcytic anaemia (5)?

A
  • Thalassaemia
  • Anaemia of chronic disease
  • Iron deficiency
  • Lead poisoning
  • Sideroblastic anaemia
20
Q

What causes normocytic anaemia (5)?

A
  • Anaemia of chronic disease
  • Acute blood loss
  • Aplastic anaemia
  • Haemolytic anaemia
  • Hypothyroidism
21
Q

What are the two types of microcytic anaemia?

A
  • Megaloblastic
  • Normoblastic
22
Q

What causes megaloblastic anaemia?

A

B12 or folate deficiency
The nucleus can’t condense

23
Q

What causes normoblastic anaemia?

A
  • Alcohol
  • Reticulocytosis (rapid turnover of RBCs)
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Liver disease
  • Drugs (e.g. azathioprine)
24
Q

What are the general signs/ symptoms of anaemia?

A
  • Fatigue
  • Pale skin
  • Paraesthesia
  • Tachypnoea/ tachycardia
  • Dizziness

Phase 3a conditions list flashcards (29 decks)

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