Study sheet qustions Flashcards
Daily habits that age us:
1- sleep habits 2- too much tv 3- straws and smoking 4- heat/AC too high 5- not stimulating our brains 6- too much sugar 7- not enough good fats 8- suncreen (vacations only) 9- not using eye creams, moisturizers 10- oil/alcohol skin products 11- too much sitting/slouoching 12- too much stress 13- isolation in relationships 14- smoke/chemical exposure
Less than 7 hrs of sleep leads to what 5 negative results?
- shorter lifespan
- lack of energy
- weight gain
- accident proneness
- attention problems
According to Fox news, for every 1 hr of tv watched, life expectancy decreases on average by _____ minutes.
22 minutes
Pillowcases that are not satin or silk do what?
pressure/rubbing cause wrinkles and creases in skin
cotton pulls moisture from the skin
sleeping on back also helps
Disease % linked to environmental issues
25-40% or more of diseases are accounted for by environmental issues
Children/elderly
More sensitive/vulnerable to toxins
immune systems more vulnerable
children more susceptible to mutational damage as they are still growing and lots of cell multiplication
Efforts/Practices Mindset for healthy responses to environmental challenges to human health
- environment inpacts us all
- air, water, energy, chemicals used
- as individuals we can have immediate and long-term affect
- lifestyle choices
- chemical use
- cleanup/restoration/preservation practices
- education & research aimed at healthy living/healthy world
Once in environment, chemicals can (3)
remain in dangerous form (in environment Ex. DDT pesticide; can affect ecosystems and microganisms)
Become more toxic
Break down into harmless substances
3 ways chemicals injested:
Oral cavity – food/drinks
Inhaled
Skin absorption – home or workplace
Body organ that removes most toxins
Liver breaks down/neutralizes/ removes most
Some toxins – not broken but stored in tissues
4 Harmful chemical effects on body
Tissue damage
Damage at site of entry
enter blood and circulate to other body areas
(may accumulate to dangerous levels with no signs/symptoms)
Signs vs symptoms
Signs:
Evidence of a disease process
Observable by another person
(blisters, rash, skin change)
Symptoms:
subjective –patient is only one who knows
discomfort, pain, dizziness
Antiseptics; Hexaclorophene
Are chemicals used in soaps/powders
Put ON the body – easily absorbed via. Broken skin
Hexaclorophene Chemical formerly used in antiseptics Used in 40s,50s,60s Found to cause brain damage Now very restricted use
4 adverse chemical effects on the body’s cells
Membrane damage
Swelling/rupture
Metabolic inhibition
Carcinogenic/mutational changes (can lead to cancers like leukemia)
Carcinogenic changes
Changes that have potential to cause cancer
Mutational changes
DNA changes that occur from exposure to chemicals
Types of hazardous chemicals/Molecular agents
Heavy metals – lead/mercury
Inhalants – smog/carbon tetrachloride
Physical Agents
- Temperature – hypothermia, hyperthermia
- Radiation Agents
- Noise Agents
Biological Agents
- bites/stings
- foodborne/waterborne illness
Dietary/Nutritional Agents
- food additives
- food preservatives
infectious diseases
body invasion by pathogenic bacteria virus fungi parasites -protozoa -helmith -ectoparasites
microorganisms that cause disease
pathogens
virulence capacity
pathogenic characteristic:
ability to elude/escape body’s immune defenses through
- enzymes -break down connective tissue
- leukocidins kill white blood cells
- toxins causing fevers, shock, organ injuiry
- slippery capsule to get away/make phagocytosis by WBC difficult
- mutation - changes
pathogenic mutation
ability to change spontaneously or in response to environment = key characteristic of virulence
makes developed antibodies
drugs, and vaccines ineffective
leukocidin
substance created by some bacteria capable of killing white blood cells
bacteria:
pathogenic
non-pathogenic
opportunistic
pathogenic - disease producing
non-pathogenic - non-disease producing
opportunistic - it takes advantage of circumstances where immune system is compromised or it finds itself in different environment
oldest form of cellular life
bacteria
live in every conceivable micro-climate on earth