study guide part 2 Flashcards
- Ductous venous and ductous arterioles
ductuos venous: carrues oxygenated blood from umbilical vein to IVC ductous arterioles: carries oxygenated blood from pumlomary artery to descending Ao (JL)
- What forms the umbilical cord?
two arteries one vein. It whartons jelly
- Length of umbilical cord? Short, normal and long
Short: 35cm Normal: 40-60cm Long: 80cm (harley)
- Cystic Mass in umbilical cord?
omphalomesenteric or allintoic (JL p 1243)
- Prolapse?
Prolapsed of the cord occurs when the cord lies below the presenting part (harley slide 74)
- Acrania and anencephaly, difference between them?
Acrania: partial no skull anencephaly: no skull and no brain (harley slide 77)
- Protrusion of the eyeball?
exophthalmos (jl)
- Most common neck mass in fetus?
cystic hygroma
- Anomaly where proboscis is present?
holoproscenphaly
- Cleft lip and palates?
msot common congential anomaly of the face most common in Native Americans failures to fuse primary and secondary palate (jl)
- Scanning parameter what is the best view for spina bifida?
coronal (jl)
- Meckel-Gruber Syndrome
d
- Arnold-Chiari Malformation?
lemon shaped head banana shaped cerebellum assocaited with spina bifida in type 2 in the hindbrain absent CM and CSP (jl p 1112-1113 and 1295)
- Ventriculomegaly
dliation of ventricles within brain (jl 1306)
- Hydrocephalus
ventriculomegaly is coupled with enlargement of fetal head (jl 1306)
- Encephalocele,
herniation of meninges and brain (jl 1293)
- Cebocephacele
form of holoprosencephlay characterized by a common ventricle, hypotelorism, and nose with single nostril (JL p
- Fetal viability, most important piece of information?
Adequacy of pulmonary development
Single most important determinant of viability. Fetus nonviable before 24 weeks gestation due to pulmonary immaturity. pg. 1311 (BF)
- The normal fetal thorax should include?
size, shape and symmetry
- Cardiac rates, axis?
45 degrees toward left shoulder 120-160 bpm
- Abcsess?
??
- CAM?
Type 1: Single or multiple large cysts 2cm in diameter; good prognosis after rescetion of affected lung Type 2: Multiple small cysts,
- Most common lung cyst in a fetus?
Bronchiogenic cyst
- What will the texture of the lungs look sonographically?
Moderate echogenicity
- Diaphragmatic hernia, both areas that could be effected?
Foramen of Morgagni, Foramen of Bochdalek
- Which is more common diaphragmatic hernia?
Foramen of Bochdalek
- Amnion ruptures leads to what?
Amniotic band syndrome
- Limb body wall complex?
Associated with large cranial defects, facial cleft, body wall complex defects involving the thorax, abdomen, or both, and limb defects.
- Omphalocele?
Base of umbilical cord
- Gastroschis?
Right of the umbilical cord
- Situs Inversus?
Rt heart axis, transposition of liver, stomach, spleen, GB.
- Partial Situs Inversus?
More severe. Right stomach, left liver
- Caustral Folds, where to find them?
Haustral folds??
Neck of the GB
In colon and not small bowel, 3 to 5mm at 20 weeks, 23mm or larger at term. No peristalsis pg. 1340 (BF)
- What other anomalies might be seen with esophageal atresia?
VACTERL Tri 18, 21
- Know the different connections for conjoined twins?
Thoracopagus (thorax ) Omphalopagus (anterior wall) Craniopagus (cranium) Pygopagus (ischial region) Ischiopagus(buttocks)
- When looking at an empty bladder, know how long you have to scan to make sure it will fill back up?
30 mins
- Umbilical Hernia?
normal cord insertion may occur with omphalocele (JL 1327-1331)
- Potters syndrome?
Bilateral renal agenesis
Used to describe diseases that are associated with renal failure, oligo, and Potters facies. pg 1363 (BF)
- Multicystic dysplastic kidney?
Most common from of renal cystic disease in childhood. Maternal diabetes.
- What the normal AP diameters of renal pelvis should not exceed how many weeks?
4mm
- Infantile Cystic kidney disease?
Autosomal recessive Associate Meckel Gruber, tri 13 Renal failure, oligo,absent bladder.
- Embrology, development of them?
??
- Thantaphoric dysplasia
Lethal, severe micromelia, cloverleaf, narrow thorax, shortened ribs, flat vertebral, frontal bossing.
- When the bladder Forms outside?
Bladder exstrophy
- Most common nonlethal skeletal abnormities?
Achondroplasia
- Posterior urethral valve, what will bladder looks like?
Key hole and occurs only in males
- Short Rib Polydactyly?
lethal skeletal dysplasia short rib, narrow thorax short limbs polydactyly,midline facial cleft, (JL pg 1389)
- Abnormal displacement of septal leaf of tricuspid valve?
ebsteins jl 843
- Most common form of cyanotic heart disease in infants and children?
Tetralogy of Fallot pg. 845 (BF)
- Has both ovarian and testicular tissue?
hermadorphitis (sorry for spelling)
- Findings when there’s renal agenesis?
No kidney’s, hypoplastic lungs, no bladder
- Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome?
amish community autosomal recessive limb-shortening narrow torax polydactyly heart defect (JL 1289)
- Pena Shokeir Syndrome?
Contractures, clenched hands, rocker bottom feet, micrognathia, cleft palate,
- Arthrogryposis multiplex congenital?
Rigid extremities, flexed arms, hyper extension of the knees, clenched hands, talipes.
- Robert’s Syndrome?
Most rare lethal skeletal anomaly autosomal recessive phocomelia and facial (JL 1387)
- Juene’s Syndrome?
narrow thorax, autosomal recessive, rhizomelia, renal dysplasia, polydactyly
- Cystic dilatation of the ureter?
ureteocele
- Normal AF fluid in renal agenesis, how many weeks?
14-16 wks
- The terms for bone length, like rhizomelia?
shortened proximal bones
- Most common lethal skeletal abnormities?
thantaphoric dysplasia
- What is clinodactyly?
Overlapping digits
- Know Vacteral association?
Verterbral Anal Cardiac TracheoEsophogeal Renal Limb need at least three of them
- Know about Lethal Multiple pterygium?
webbing across joint in multiple contrapers (JL)
- Langer Saldino Syndrome (which is achondrogensis type II)?
less severe more common spontaneous mutation
