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2nd year - 1st sem > STS-LESSON 3 FOCUS > Flashcards

STS-LESSON 3 FOCUS Flashcards

1
Q

a relatively high level of cultural and technological development

A

civilization

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2
Q

before written records began.

A

PRE-HISTORY

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3
Q

the scientific name for modern humans

A

Homo sapiens sapiens

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4
Q

This era is predominately rich in fossils as most knowledge was drawn in stones and caves known as well as Ancient Period.

A

PRE-HISTORY

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5
Q

THE PREHISTORIC ERA IS DIVIDED INTO TWO WHAT ARE THEY?

A

Old World
and
New World.

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6
Q

THE PREHISTORIC “OLD WORLD”is summed up by the _______, ______ and ______.

A
  1. Stone Age
  2. Bronze Age
  3. Iron Age.
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7
Q

This period of Old World is predominated by the ________?

A

Stone Age

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8
Q

The stone age was split into 3 periods:

A

Paleolithic Period, Mesolithic Period, and Neolithic Period

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9
Q

10,000 BC

A

STONE AGE

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10
Q

3300 BC

A

BRONZE AGE

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11
Q

600 BC

A

IRON AGE

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12
Q

This period comprised the lithic, archaic and formative stages.

A

THE PREHISTORIC “NEW WORLD”

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13
Q

Also known as the Pre-Classic stage, this period runs from about 1000 BC to AD 500.

A

FORMATIVE

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14
Q

It is marked by the establishment of permanent villages, the development of pottery and weaving, and a reliance on agriculture.

A

FORMATIVE

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15
Q

This stage also saw the rise of early ceremonial centers and priestly classes - May religion na sila

A

FORMATIVE

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16
Q

This period saw the development of more diverse and specialized tools, as well as the beginnings of agriculture.

A

Archaic Stage:
Timeframe: Approximately 8000–1000 BC.

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17
Q

This is the earliest period of human occupation in the Americas, marked by the use of flaked stone tools.

A

Lithic Stage (Timeframe: Before 8500 BC)

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18
Q

People started to form more permanent settlements and engage in activities like fishing, hunting, and gathering a wider variety of plants.

A

Archaic Stage

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19
Q

People were primarily hunter-gatherers, and their tools included unspecialized core and flake implements as well as more advanced blade techniques.

A

Lithic Stage

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20
Q

A _________ is a complex human society, usually made up of different areas (called as cities), with certain characteristics of cultural and technological development.

A

civilization

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21
Q

This period spans from the fall of the Western Roman Empire (alexander the great) to the beginning of the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery.

A

Middle Ages
Timeframe: Roughly AD 500 to 1500.

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22
Q

Middle Ages is typically divided into three sub-periods:

A
  1. the Early
  2. High
  3. Late Middle Ages
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23
Q

This term is often used to describe the Early Middle Ages. It reflects the perceived cultural and economic decline following the fall of Rome, characterized by a lack of written records and significant disruptions due to invasions and societal changes.

A

Dark Ages:
Timeframe: Approximately AD 500 to 1000.

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24
Q

This term is a more general reference to the entire period between classical antiquity and the modern era, encompassing both the Dark Ages and the later medieval periods.

A

Medieval Times:
Timeframe: (AD 500-1500)

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25
Q

Features of Medieval Period

A
  1. Feudalism: Land for service hierarchy.
  2. Catholic Church: Dominant influence.
  3. Gothic Architecture: Notable cathedrals.
  4. Universities: Bologna, Paris.
  5. Agrarian Economy: Growing trade.
  6. Crusades: Major conflicts.
  7. Social Life: Nobles in castles, peasants in simple homes.
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26
Q

EARLY MIDDLE AGES (C. 500 – 1000 AD) KEY FEATURES

A
  1. Fall of the Western Roman Empire:
  2. Migration Period:
  3. Christianization:
  4. Feudalism:
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27
Q

______: Emergence of a system where land was exchanged for military service.

A

Feudalism

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28
Q

HIGH MIDDLE AGES (C. 1000 – 1300 AD) KEY FEATURES

A
  1. Population Growth
  2. Crusades:
  3. Rise of Towns and Trade: Growth of commerce and the establishment of guilds
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29
Q

LATE MIDDLE AGES (C. 1300 – 1500 AD) KEY FEATURES

A
  1. Black Death
  2. Hundred Years’ War: Prolonged conflict between England and France.
  3. Decline of Feudalism
  4. Renaissance Beginnings
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30
Q

________: Prolonged conflict between England and France.

A

Hundred Years’ War

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31
Q

The ________ marked the transition from the Middle Ages to Modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries in European history.

A

Renaissance period

32
Q

_______ defined as progression to a higher stage of development or improvement.

A

ADVANCEMENT

33
Q

ENUMERATE THE 7 MAJOR CIVILIZATIONS THAT CONTRIBUTED LARGELY TO THE DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

A
  1. SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION
  2. EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION
  3. GREEK CIVILIZATION
  4. ROMAN CIVILIZATION
  5. PERSIAN CIVILIZATION
  6. CHINESE CIVILIZATION
  7. INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
34
Q

The __________, located in the southern part of Mesopotamia

A

Sumerian civilization

35
Q

Sumerian civilization, made significant advancements in both __________ and________

A
  1. domestication
  2. irrigation
36
Q

__________ civilization is the first and earliest

A

Sumerian

37
Q

They developed one of the earliest writing systems, hieroglyphics.

A

EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION

38
Q

Which civilization tha’s located along the Nile river which contributed to architecture and science owing to their pyramids.

A

Egyptian civilization

39
Q

Civilization which was known for their philosophy, literature, arts, science and technology

A

GREEK CIVILIZATION

40
Q

The civilization which developed the system of governance and politics

A

Roman civilization

41
Q

The civilization which improved the system of human rights

A

Persian civilization

42
Q

This civilization located where the Pakistan and Indian are today.

A

Indus Valley Civilization

42
Q

Which civilization surrounded by the twin rivers Yangtze and Huang in the Far East region
of Asia which gave the world the first printing press, paper, gun powder, and their majestic

A

Chinese Civilization

43
Q

Indus Script: The civilization developed a script that remains undeciphered. It was used on seals and pottery.

A

Indus Valley Civilization

44
Q

Civilization that used standardized weights and measures and seals for trade.

A

Indus Valley Civilization

45
Q

Used advanced drainage systems and public baths, like the Great Bath of Mohenjo-daro, indicate a high level of civic planning.

A

Indus Valley Civilization

46
Q

The _______ is the oldest modern human remains found in the Philippines, dating back to around 67,000 years ago.

A

Tabon Man

47
Q

________lived in the Philippines as early as 709,000 years ago

A

Hominins

48
Q

What are some key developments and cultural practices during the Stone Age in the Philippines?

A
  1. Nomadic communities
  2. pottery
  3. seashell ornaments for decoration
49
Q

By the 10th century A.D., what had become a highly developed technology among the Filipinos?

A

Filipinos had learned how to build boats for the coastal trade

50
Q

What were some characteristics of pre-colonial Filipino society. Observed by the Spaniards

A
  1. highly superstitious
  2. no temples or places of worship
  3. Filipinos knew how to read and write in their own system, this was mainly used for messages and letters
  4. Found communities called barangays.
  5. Agricultural practices
  6. Other activities
    mining, weaving, and producing beeswax and honey.
51
Q

The _____ gave birth to the different of civilizations of the world.

A

New World

52
Q

Often called the“enlightened” period.

A

RENAISSANCE PERIOD

53
Q

This period mark the highest improvement development of aspects of intellectual inquiry

A

RENAISSANCE PERIOD

54
Q

it is conceived of as progress driven by deliberate human

A

MODERN PERIOD

55
Q

What are the major contributions of Sumerian Civilizations:

A
  1. Pottery
  2. Cuneiform writing system
  3. Hydraulic engineering (irrigation)
  4. Agriculture (crop domestication)
  5. Chariots
  6. Plows
  7. Textile mills
  8. Brick-making
  9. Crafts
  10. Astronomy
  11. Hand tools
  12. Metallurgy
  13. Mathematics
56
Q

The _________ developed an efficient administrative system with satraps (governors) overseeing different regions.

A

Persian Civilization

57
Q

The civilization that first invented the gun powder, paper and printing press

A

CHINESE CIVILIZATION

58
Q

What were some of the significant contributions of the Spanish to the Philippines during their colonial rule?

A
  1. introduced modern science and technology
  2. Schools, hospitals, and scientific research institutions were established.
  3. Christianity
59
Q

The _________ recognized the importance of scientific development for economic progress.

A

1935 Constitution

60
Q

In the amended ________, Article XV, Section 9, he declared that the “advancement of science and technology shall have priority in the national development.”

A

1973 Philippine Constitution

61
Q

The 1973 Philippine Constitution, Article XV, Section 9

A

“advancement of science and technology shall have priority in the national development.”

62
Q

They built extensive road networks, including the famous Royal Road, and developed the first postal system

A

Persian civilization

63
Q

art and architecture were characterized by grand palaces, intricate reliefs, and monumental structures like Persepoli

A

Persian civilization

64
Q

often credited with developing the first known democracy.

A

Greek civilization

65
Q

The 1935 Constitution, Article XIII, Section 4 declaring that :

A

“The State shall promote scientific research and invention, Arts and Letters shall be under its patronage…”

66
Q

WHAT WERE CHALLENGES AND IMPACT OF WAR

A
  • Japanese occupation
  • Destruction
  • Reconstruction: After independence
67
Q

The occupation of the Philippines by the _______ brought educational and scientific activities practically to a halt

A

Japanese during war

68
Q

WHAT WERE THE POST-INDEPENDENCE FOCUS

A
  • Education and training: established during the American regime continued
  • Government support: support for education remained concentrated at the elementary level, with private institutions providing most collegiate education.
69
Q

This period marked by a focus on economic development and scientific advancement.

A

Commonwealth period

70
Q

_______ presidency, the importance given to science grew.

A

Ferdinand Marcos’

71
Q

Who amended 1973 Philippine Constitution, Article XV, Section 9

A

Ferdinand Marcos

72
Q

In his Second State of the Nation Address on January 23, 1967. What did Ferdinand Marcos declared?

A

He declared that science was necessary for the development programs

73
Q

Who directed the Department of Education to revitalize the science courses in public high schools.

A

Ferdinand Marcos

74
Q

NSDB stands for?

A

National Science Development Board

75
Q

What did NSDB organized?

A

a project to provide selected high schools with science teaching equipment over a four-year period.

76
Q

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SINCE INDEPENDENCE

A
  1. The education and training pattern for scientists, engineers, and physicians established continued
  2. government support for scientific research and development following the same direction since independence in 1946.

2nd year - 1st sem (15 decks)

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