Strychnine Rodenticide Toxicosis Flashcards
1
Q
Type of regulation
A
RUP
2
Q
Sources
A
Baits
Secondary ingestion
Malicious
3
Q
Properties
A
Bitter taste
Alkaloid from Strychnis nux vomica seeds
Adheres to soil particles
4
Q
What animals are susceptible?
A
All
5
Q
What animals are most susceptible?
A
Dogs
6
Q
What animals are more sensitive?
A
Horses, cattle, pigs
7
Q
What animals are resistant?
A
Poultry
8
Q
Where is it absorbed?
A
GI Tract
9
Q
Where can you find significant amounts?
A
Liver and kidney
10
Q
What replaced Strychnine as rodenticide?
A
Zync Phosphide
11
Q
Does it cross BBB?
A
Yes
12
Q
Where is it metabolized?
A
Liver
13
Q
Where is excreted and in what form?
A
Urine, unchanged
14
Q
MoA
A
Glycine antagonist (inhibitory neurotransmitter) Neuronal hyperexcitability Inhibits repolarization by causing dysfunction of Chlorine ion channels
15
Q
Clinical signs
A
Rapid onset and death Early: apprehension and panting Mydriasis, stiffness, muscle twitching Tonic seizures elicitable by external stimuli Opisthotonos Animals die from resp. failure
16
Q
Major lesion
A
Rapid rigor mortis
17
Q
Lab diagnosis
A
Chemical analysis:
Ante morten: urine, serum, bait
Post morten: Stomach content, liver
18
Q
tX
A
- Keep in quiet place
- Symptomatic: pentobarbital (dogs) thiobarbiturates (cats) Muscle relaxants
Oxygen - early decontamination
Emetics
gastric lavage
activated charcoal or tannic acid solution/k permanganate (precipitates it) - Enhancing renal excretion
Fluid therapy
Ammonium chloride or methionine
