Bromethalin rodenticide toxicosis Flashcards
Whats the regulation of Bromethalin?
GUP
Sources of bromethalin
Bait
Possibly secondary poisoning in cats
Which animal is more susceptible and which is more sensitive?
Dogs are more susceptible.
Cats are more sensitive
What animals are resistant and why?
Guinea pigs because they lack N-demethylation
Where is it absorbed?
Orally
Where is the most concentration distributed in the body?
Fat and brain
Where is it metabolized and to what?
In the liver, N-demethylized to desmethylbromethalin (more toxic)
Where is it mainly excreted?
Bile and small amount in urine
Main MoA?
Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation/ATP production
No energy for NaK ion channel pumps
Results in cerebral and spinal cord edema.
Lesions
Mainly in CNS
Cerebral edema
Diffuse white matter vacuolization
Lab tests?
Chemical analysis of Bromethalin in
Ante-morten: bait, stomach contents or vomit
Post-morten: liver, fat, kidney and brain
Best tx
Agressive early decontamination
Emetic
Activated charcoal
Saline cathartic
others:
Mannitol (brain edema)
Dexamethasone (brain swelling)
Diazepam or phenobarbital (seizures)
