Structure and function of arteries, capillaries and veins

Question 1

Blood is transported in

Answer 1

Arteries, veins and capillaries

Question 2

Arteries

Answer 2

Away

Oxygenated

high pressure

thick muscular and elastic walls to pump and accommodate blood

connective tissue provides strength

narrow lumen

Question 3

name of inner lining in veins and arteries

Answer 3

endothelium

Question 4

Veins

Answer 4

TO heart

Deoxygenated

low or negative pressure

thin walls - less muscular tissue than arteries

less connective tissue

wide lumen

VALVES - protect back flow

Question 5

What causes vasoconstriction and vasodilation

Answer 5

smooth muscle surrounding arteries

Question 6

capillary names

Answer 6

artery - arteriole - capillaries - venule - vein

Question 7

capillary thickeness

Answer 7

one cell thick - for exchange of molecules between blood and body’s cells

Question 8

Exchange of molecules

Answer 8

1. Oxygen diffuses through capillary wall, into tissue fluid and cells
2. CO2 diffuses from cells into tissue fluid, then across capillary walls into blood plasma
3. Glucose diffuses from blood plasma, across capillary wall to tissue fluid and then to cells
4. Waste product urea diffuses from cells of liver to tissue fluid, then across capillary walls into blood plasma

Question 9

Exchange of materials pressure

Answer 9

As blood pressure in arteries towards capillaries, pressure filtration occurs which results in plasma passing through capillary wall into tissue fluid which surrounds cell

Question 10

Tissue Fluid

Answer 10

Provides cells with useful substances like glucose and oxygen and waste products are passed out of cells into tissue fluid to be removed

Question 11

Tissue fluid after exchange

Answer 11

Most returned to blood. Any excess tissue fluid is absorbed into lymphatic vessels which is returned into circulator system as lymph.

Question 12

Plasma vs Tissue Fluid

Answer 12

Composed of similar substances except for plasma proteins which are only found in plasma - too large to be filtered through capillary walls.

Question 13

What kind of system is human

Answer 13

Double circulatory

pulmonary system and systematic system