Structural Flashcards
The orientation in space of a line or plane.
Attitude
By convention, the attitude of a __________ is expressed as its strike and dip
Plane
The attitude of a __________ is expressed as trend and plunge
Line
The horizontal angle between a line a specified coordinate direction, usually true north or south
Bearing
The compass direction or azimuth
Bearing
The bearing of a horizontal line contain within an inclined plane
Strike
A line of equal elevation on a plane
Strike
There are an __________ number of parallel strike lines for any inclined plane
infinite
Vertical angle between an incline plane
Dip
A horizontal line perpendicular to its strike
Dip
The direction of ___________ can be thought of as the direction water would run down the plane
Dip
The bearing of a line
Trend
Non - horizontal lines trend in the down plunge direction
Trend
The vertical angle between a line and the horizontal
Plunge
Angle measured within an inclined plane between a horizontal line and the line in question.
Pitch
Also called Rake
Pitch
Vertical angle between an inclined plane and a horizontal line that is not perpendicular to the strike of the plane
Apparent Dip
For any inclined plane except a vertical one, the true dip is always ____________ than any apparent dip
greater
Two ways of expressing the strikes of planes and trends of lines
- Azimuth Method
- Quadrant Method
Method based on a 360 clockwise circle
Azimuth
Method based on four 90 quadrants
Quadrant Method
4 Major techniques for solving Apparent Dip Problems
- Orthographic Projection
- Trigonometry
- Alignment Diagrams (nomograms)
- Stereographic Projection
This method is particularly suitable when very small dip angles are involved
Trigonometric Solution
A method that is more time consuming but it helps you to develop the ability to visualize in three dimensions and to draw precisely
Orthographic Projection
Method that usually involve three variables that have a simple mathematical relationship with one another
Alignment Diagrams
A property of matter and can be defined as the ratio of mass to a unit volume of matter
Density
Units of Density
- g/(cm)^3
- kg/(m)^3
- lb/(inch)^3
Formula of Density
Mass / Volume
Measure of density relative to the density of a reference substance.
Specific Gravity
Most common reference for specific gravity
pure water
If a material has a specific gravity less than ______, it will float on water
1
Specific gravity is also known as
Relative Density
Formula for Specific Gravity
Density of Substance / Density of Preference
