Strokes

Question 1

Presentation of Stroke

Answer 1

weakness on one side of body
inability to speak
vision loss
vertigo/ falling

Question 2

Presentation of Deep Vein Thrombosis

DVT

Answer 2

leg swelling

pain, warmth

Question 3

Presentation of Pulmonary Embolism

PE

Answer 3

cough
chest pain
shortness of breath
hemoptysis

Question 4

MoA of Aspirin

Answer 4

irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase, so cant make TXA2

Question 5

Aspirin Use

Answer 5

prevent transient ischemic attacks and stroke

Question 6

TXA2

Answer 6

causes platelet aggregation

Question 7

Side Effect of Aspirin

Answer 7

bleeding

Question 8

Clopidogrel

“Grel”

Answer 8

ADP Receptor blocker

stops ADP mediated platelet activation

Question 9

Use of Grels

Answer 9

prevent TIA and strokes in people who cant take aspirin

Question 10

Side Effects of Grels

Answer 10

bleeding

Question 11

Abciximab

Answer 11

Glycoprotein 2b/3a inhibitor

blocks binding of fibrinogen with 2b/3a, preventing platelet activation

Question 12

Use of Abciximab

Answer 12

coronary angioplasty to prevent clots

Question 13

Dipyridamole and Inamirone

Answer 13

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
blocks breakdown of cAMP
cAMP prevents platelet aggregation

Question 14

Alteplase

Answer 14

clot buster

given w/in 3 hours to decrease mortality

Question 15

MoA of Alteplase

Answer 15

binds to fibrin bound plasminogen, converts plasminogen to plasmin
plasmin breaks clot

Question 16

Heparin

Answer 16

catalyzes binding of antithrombin 3 to factors 2, 9, 10, 12; causing inactivation

Question 17

Heparin Use

Answer 17

IV for rapid anticoagulation for VTE

Question 18

Side Effects of Heparin

Answer 18

bleeding

heparin induced thrombocytopenia (5+ days)

Question 19

Antidote for Heparin

Answer 19

protamine sulfate

Question 20

Enoxaparin

Answer 20

low molecular weight heparin that binds to antithrombin 3 that negates factor 10

Question 21

Warfarin

Answer 21

decreases synthesis of vit K dependent factors (2, 7, 9, 10)

prevents regen of Vit K

Question 22

Warfarin Use

Answer 22

oral

long term anticoagulation

Question 23

Antidote for Warfarin

Answer 23

Vitamin K

rapid reversal with frozen plasma

Question 24

Dabigatran

Answer 24

directly inhibits thrombin

Question 25

Side Effects of Dabigatran

Answer 25

bleeding

dont have to monitor PT or INR like in warfarin

Question 26

Rivaroxaban

Answer 26

inhibits factor Xa

Question 27

Side Effects of Rivaroxaban

Answer 27

dont need to monitor PT or INR