Antifungals and Antiparasitics Flashcards
Candida
very common fungal infection for immunosuppressed or those on broad spectrum antibiotics
Amphotericin B
binds to ergosterol on fungal cell membrane and forms pores causing leakage and death
Use of Amphotericin B
serious systemic fungal infections
Adverse Effects of Amphotericin B
flushing and muscle spasms during IV due to histamine release (even if slow)- pretreat with steroid or antihistamine
affects kidneys
bone marrow suppression
Flucytosine
5-FC
5-FU converted to 5-FdUMP; inhibits thymidylate synthase + DNA synthesis
Use of Flucytosine
in synergy with Amphotericin B for Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida
Azole Antifungals
inhibit synthesis of ergosterol in cell membrane by blocking a-demethylase
causes accumulation of lanosterol
Fluconazole Use
DOC for candida and cryptococcal meningitis
Voriconazole Use
aspergillus
Caspofungin
inhibits synthesis of B-1,2 glucan- needed for fungal cell wall
Use of Caspofungin
Candida, aspergillus
Adverse Effects of Caspofungin
fever, chills, rash, flushing from histamine release
Terbinafine
inhibits squalene epoxidase- converts squalene to squalene epoxide
causes squalene to accumulate- toxic
Causes of Malaria
P. vivax- more common
P. falciparum- more serious
Drugs of Malaria
“Quine”
