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Neurology Year 3 > Stroke > Flashcards

Stroke Flashcards

1
Q

A Rosier score of below 0 indicates what?

A

Stroke is likely

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2
Q

A Rosier score of above 0 indicates what?

A

Low likely hood of stroke

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3
Q

What imaging technique is used in the acute phase of stroke treatment?

A

CT

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4
Q

What imaging technique is used in the chronic phase of stroke treatment?

A

MRI

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5
Q

85% of strokes are due to….

A

Infarcts

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6
Q

What are some of the main causes of infarcts?

A

Atheroemboli
Small Vessel
Cardioembolic
Malignancy

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7
Q

10% of strokes are due to….

A

Haemorrhagic

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8
Q

What are some of the common causes of haemorrhagic strokes?

A

Amyloid antipathy
Hypertension
Structural abnormality

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9
Q

5% of strokes are due to….

A

Sub arachnoid haemorrhage

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10
Q

FAST

A

Face
Arms
Speech
Time

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11
Q

When can thrombolysis be used?

A

<4.5 hours since onset of symptoms

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12
Q

What is the drug of choice used in thrombolysis?

A

tPA

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13
Q

What other rescue therapy is available?

A

Endovascular therpay

CT angiogram guided catheterisation

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14
Q

In a mild stroke what drugs are used?

A

Aspirin 300mg

Clopidogrel

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15
Q

Before administering anti platelets what should you know?

A

You need to wait 24 hours post thrombolysis and a CT to know if there is a bleed or not.

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16
Q

DVT prophylaxis

A

Intermittent pneumatic compression reduces risk.

Drugs such as heparin needs to be carefully weighed against the risk of bleeding.

17
Q

TIA

A

Transient Ischaemic Attack

Brief episode of neurological symptoms

18
Q

Why are TIAs not considered benign?

A

Dramatically increased risk of stroke after a TIA

19
Q

A total Anterior circulation stroke presents with what?

Middle and Anterior cerebral arteries affected.

A

Higher cerebral dysfunction
Homonymous visual field defects
Contralateral motor and sensory deficit

20
Q

A posterior stroke presents with what?

A

Cerebellar dysfunction - DANISH
Isolated homonymous field defects
Cranial nerve dysfunction - brainstem involvement

21
Q

What is a lacunar stroke?

A

Purely motor or sensory

22
Q

What is DANISH - Posterior stroke

A 
Dysdiadochokinesia 
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Intention tremor
Slurred staccato speech
Hypotonia
23
Q

What is dysdiachokinesia?

A

Difficulty in performing fast alternating movements e.g
Use door handle
Tap foot rapidly

24
Q

What are some higher cerebral dysfunctions?

A

Brocas (Expressive) dysphasia

Wernickes (Receptive) dysphasia

25
Q

What is expressive aphasia?

A

Brocas

Difficulty producing coherent speech

26
Q

What is Wernickes (Receptive) aphasia?

A

Hard to understand speech or written word.

27
Q

If someone has Broca’s (expressive) dysphasia which region of the brain is likely to be damaged?

A

Inferior frontal gyrus

28
Q

If someone has receptive aphasia which region of the brain is likely to be damaged?

A

Superior temporal gyrus

Wernickes Aphasia

Neurology Year 3 (29 decks)

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