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Neurology Year 3 > CSF and Raised ICP > Flashcards

CSF and Raised ICP Flashcards

1
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

Choroid plexus

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2
Q

Where is CSF absorbed?

A

Arachnoid complex

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3
Q

What is hydrocephalus?

A

Increased CSF resulting in an increased ICP.

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4
Q

What are the three causes of hydrocephalus?

A

Obstruction
Decreased Resorption
Overproduction

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5
Q

List some causes of obstructive hydrocephalus.

A

Inflammation
Pus
Tumours

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6
Q

List some causes of decreased resorption of CSF

A

Post SAH Sub Arachnoid Haemorrhage

Meningitis

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7
Q

List some causes of overproduction of CSF.

A

Very rare tumour affecting the choroid plexus.

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8
Q

What are the two types of hyrdocephalus?

A

Non communicating

Communicating

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9
Q

What is non communicating hydrocephalus?

A

Obstruction within the ventricular system

Within ventricles or aqueduct etc

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10
Q

What is communicating hydrocephalus?

A

Obstruction out-with the ventricular system

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11
Q

List some examples of causative agents of communicating hydrocephalus.

A

Sub arachnoid haemorrhage

Bacterial Meningitis

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12
Q

What is Hydrocephalus ex vacuo

A

Loss of the brain parenchyma in order to accommodate increased CSF

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13
Q

A brain with hydrocephalus ex vacuo will appear like?

A

Dilated ventricles

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14
Q

Give some examples of conditions that might result in hydrocephalus ex vacuo.

A

Severe dementia

Alzheimer’s

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15
Q

Give some causes of an increased ICP.

A 
Space occupying lesion
diffuse lesion (oedema)
Increased Venous Volume
Hypoxia
Hypercapnia
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16
Q

What are the main affects of a raised ICP?

A

Midline shift
Pressure on cranial nerves
Reduced Cerebral blood pressure
Herniation

17
Q

A subfalcine herniation is what?

A

Cerebral hemisphere displaces under the falx cerebri

18
Q

A subfalcine herniation commonly presents as….

A

Weakness in contralateral leg

19
Q

A tentorial herniation is what?

A

Temporal lobe if forced below the tentorial cerebri

20
Q

What is tentorial herniation also known as?

A

Uncal

21
Q

A uncal/tentorial herniation presents as what?

A

Pupilliary dilation - lack of response to light

Loss of ocular movement ipsilaterally

22
Q

A cerebellar herniation is what?

A

Cerebellum is forced down through foramen magnum

23
Q

Why is a cerebellar herniation so often fatal?

A

Compression of vital respiratory centres

24
Q

A raised ICP commonly presents with….

A 
Papilloedema
Headache
N+V
Neck Stiffness
Reduced Consciousness
25
Q

If hydrocephalus occurs before closing of the cranial sutures what happens?

A

Cranial enlargement to accommodate increased CSF

26
Q

A brain affected by hydrocephalus looks like.

A

Flattened gyri and full sulci

Neurology Year 3 (29 decks)

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