Clinical Anatomy Flashcards
If there is unilateral lesion on one side of the pontocereblum how does this present?
Unsteady gait and poor coordination
If a lesion occurs on the right side of the cerebellum what side of the body will be affected?
Ipsilateral - same side as the lesion
If there is a bilateral lesion affecting both pontocerebellums how does this present?
Slurred speech
Bilateral incoordination
Staggering gait
Brown Sequared syndrome.
Ipsilateral - Loss of Motor function
Ipsilateral Dorsal - loss of deep touch
Contralateral Spinothalmic - Loss of temperature.
What is the cause of Brown Sequard Syndrome?
A hemisectional lesion or damage - only damages half of the spinal chord.
An upper motor neurone lesion will present with.
Increased tone
Muscle wasting
Hypereflexion
A lower motor neurone lesion will present with.
Decreased tone
Muscle wasting
An issue within the CNS presents as
Hemiplegia Paraplegia whole limb affected
Heaviness spasms jerks
Sensory symptoms
Cognitive and sphincter issues
An issue within the PNS presents as
Peripheral or localised area affected If plexus is affected it can involve the whole limb Positional weakness Cramp twitching Pain Loss of grip Tripping up
An issue within the NMJ presents as
Ocular Bulbar issues
Proximal limb fatigue
Difficulty swallowing speaking or diplopia
No sensory involvment
An issue within the muscles
Proximal Aching insidious Myalgia Cramping No sensory symptoms "can't get up from my chair"
On exam a CNS lesion presents with
Increased spasticity - Increased briskness of reflex Planatr extensor response Arm extensor weakness Leg flexor weakness
On exam a PNS lesion presents with
Muscle wasting
Reduced Tone
Distal weakness
Reduced reflexs
On exam a NMJ lesion presents with
Normal tone and reflexs
Fatiguability
List some causes of Central chord syndrome
Syringomyelia
Arnold chiari malformation
