Stroke Flashcards
what is used to determine likeliness of stroke?
Rosier Score
what is used to diagnose type of stroke?
CT- ischaemic/haemorrhagic or TIA
CT is no longer sensitive to blood after how long?
about a week
what are the 4 sizes of stroke?
TACS- total anterior circulation syndrome
PACS- partial anterior circulation syndrome
LACS- lacunar syndrome
POCS- posterior circulation syndrome
what is the most severe size of stroke?
TAC
only 5% alive >1yr
what does laterality of stroke refer to?
dominant or non-dominant hemisphere affected
what is affected in left and right sided stroke?
left- affect language, major implications for rehabilitation
right- affect sptial awareness, neglect
what is used to classify the cause of stroke?
small vessel disease classification (type 1-6)
what is leukoaraisosis?
CT expression of white matter disease
AF carries an increase in risk of stroke of how much?
5 fold
where would haemorrhage been seen on CT caused by 1) hyerptension and 2)amyloid angiopathy
1) hypertension = more likely to be deep on CT
2) amyloid angiopathy = more likely to be lobar on CT
what are causes of secondary intracerebral haemorrhage?
arteriovenous malformation
aneurysm
tumour
why do intracerebral haematomas (ICH) often increase in size in the intial hours following insult?
continued arterial bleeding
secondary bleeding into perilesional tissue
subsequent perilesional oedema
in the hyperacute setting is CT useful for investigating stroke?
not really can be essentially normal
what is the earliest sign that can be seen on CT of stroke?
hyperdense middle cerbral artery sign
earliest visible sign of MCA infarction (90mins)
what is a rede thrombus?
fibrin dependant
what is a white thrombus?
platelet dependant
what are the management options for stroke?
thrombolysis
IV tissue plasminogen activator (limited to <4.5 hours from onset)
endovascular therapy
interventional radiology
what is the ABC of medical stroke prevention?
A- antithrombotic therapy (antiplatelet/anti coagulation)
B- blood pressure
C- cholesterol
D- diabetes/ don’t smoke
what is the name given to the surgical procedure that corrects stenous through the removal of material on the inside of an artery?
carotid endartectomy
