Stroke Flashcards
1
Q
list risk factors for stroke
A
- age
- hypertension
- heart disease
- atherosclerosis
- high blood pressure
- diabetes
- smoking
- oral contraceptive pills and pregnancy
- cocaine
2
Q
define a lunar infarct
A
small infarcts caused by occlusion of a single branch of a large cerebral artery
3
Q
what is the size of a lunar infarct
A
0.2 - 15 mm
4
Q
where is a lunar infarct usually located
A
Non cortical areas
- basal ganglia
- thalamus
- pons
- internal capsule
5
Q
what 5 syndromes does a lunar infarct give rise to
A
- pure motor stroke
- ataxic hemiparesis
- clumsy/dysarthia
- sensory stroke
- mixed sensorimotor stroke
6
Q
define internal capsule
A
conduit of axons passing to and from the cortex; and thalamus and spine
7
Q
define ischaemic penumbra
A
used to define tissue that is ischaemic but is still viable
8
Q
define necrosis
A
severe ischaemia (neurone and glial cells die)
- cells broken down by their own enzymes and replaced with CSF
- astrocytes proliferate and line the cavity
