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neuro > stroke > Flashcards

stroke Flashcards

1
Q

a stroke process without cell death

A

transient ischemic attack

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2
Q

after unk cause, where are ischemic strokes most likely to occur?

A

large vessel, small vessel (lacunar)

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3
Q

stroke d/t deep penetrating vessels

A

lacunar strokes

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4
Q

major risk factors of lipohyalinosis (3)

A
  1. HTN
  2. age
  3. DM
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5
Q

what is the #1 determinant of stroke

A

age

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6
Q

stroke to the thalamus; presents with pain syndrome

A

dejerine roussy

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7
Q

subarachnoid hemorrhage is most often d/t_____

A

rupture of intracranial saccular aneurysms

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8
Q

sudden severe HA, LOC, focal neuro signs

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

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9
Q

CSF will be ______in subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

xanthachromic

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10
Q

how to check for vasospasm

A

transcranial doppler

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11
Q

post subarachnoid hemorrhage, risk for vasospasm is greatest when?

A

day 4-21

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12
Q

tx to give to decr risk of vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

nimodipine

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13
Q

the etiology of hyponatremia in subarachnoid hemorrhage is_____

A

cerebral salt wasting

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14
Q

hyponatremia is most likely when after subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

day 3-7

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15
Q

what is the most modifiable risk factor for stroke

A

HTN

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16
Q

antiplatelet agents are used for primary or secondary stroke prevention

A

secondary

17
Q

warfarin is used for primary or secondary stroke prevention

A

primary

18
Q

used to prevent strokes in those with A fib or with mechanical valves

A

warfarin (coumadin)

19
Q

what may be superior to warfarin (3)

A
  1. diabigatran
  2. rivaraoxaban
  3. apixaban
20
Q

which area are we trying to save when someone presents with a stroke (which tissue is at risk?)

A

penumbra (core is already dead)

21
Q

what is the first test to order when a patient presents with stroke sx?

A

head CT w/o contrast

22
Q

tx of choice in acute ischemic stroke

A

IV tpa

23
Q

time window in which tpa can be given in acute ischemic stoke

A

4.5 hrs

24
Q

4 classic sx of lacunar strokes

A

pure motor, pure sensory, (mixed), clumsy hand dysarthria, ataxia hemiparesis

25
Q

Leading cause of neuro mortality in first 24h in subarachnoid?

A

rebleed

26
Q

Greatest risk in subarachnoid 4-21 d? TX to help outcome? TX to prevent?

A

risk of vasospasm; tx with Nimidopine; prevent with Triple H therapy (induce HTN, hypervol, hemodilution) all AFTER treating clot

neuro (16 decks)

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