stroke

Question 1

what does FAST stand for

Answer 1

Facial weakness
Arm weakness
Speech problems
Time to call 999

Question 2

what is stroke

Answer 2

sudden onset of focal or global neurological symptoms caused by ischemia or haemorrhage and lasts more than 24 hrs

Question 3

what is a trans ischaemic attack

Answer 3

stroke like symptoms but doesn’t last 24hrs

Question 4

causes of ischaemic stroke

Answer 4

1. large artery atherosclerosis
2. cardioembolic- AF
3. lacuna stroke- small artery occlusion

Question 5

risk factors for stroke

Answer 5

pill, drugs, smoking, bad diet (cholesterol)

Question 6

why is hypertensions such a big risk factor

Answer 6

exacerbates atheroma and increases involvement of smaller distal arteries

Question 7

how does stroke present

Answer 7

sudden onset loss of function
1. motor-clumsy or weak limb
2. sensory- loss of feeling
3. speech- dysphasia
4. neglect- can’t recognise faces
vision loss

Question 8

things that can mimic a stroke

Answer 8

seizures, syncope, sepsis, severe migraine

Question 9

does stroke give you positive or negative symptoms

Answer 9

negative
e.g loss of sensation, loss off vision, loss go limb power

Question 10

acute ischaemic stroke therapy

Answer 10

1. restore blood supply
2. prevent extension of ischemic damage
3. protect vulnerable brain tissue

Question 11

investigations for stroke

Answer 11

blood tests, CT/MRI scan, ECG,