dementia and Parkinson's Flashcards

1
Q

definitions of dementia

A

progressive impairment of multiple domains of cognitive function in alert patient leading to loss of acquired skills and interference in occupational and social role

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

is number of cases of dementia increasing or decreasing

A

increasing because more people are living longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

treatable causes of dementia

A

vit B12 deficiency
thyroid disease
HIV, syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how do we diagnose dementia

A

history (independent witness)
examination
investigations- bloods, CT/MRI
CSF, EEG, functional imaging, genetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how do you examine cognitive function

A

memory, attention, language, not recognising faces
screening tests- (MMSE) (MOCA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the commonest neurodegenerative condition

A

alzheimers disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pathophysiology of Alzheimers disease

A

beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibillary tangles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

increased risks of Alzheimers disease

A

smoking, obesity, diabetes, hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what lobes of the brain does alzheimers disease effect

A

temporal and parietal lobe
early memory disturbance and language and face recognition problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

symptoms associated with front-temporal dementia

A

early change in personality
change in eating habits
early dysphasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is dementia with lewy bodies

A

early visuospatial and executive dysfunction
prominent fluctuation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

non-pharmacological treatment

A

occupational therapy
social work/ support/ respite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

pharmacological treatment

A

Treat following conditions:
insomnia
behaviour
depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

specific treatment in alzheimers and Lewy body dementia

A

cholinesterase inhibitors
NMDA antagonist (memantine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

symptoms of Parkinsonism

A

bradykinesia( slowness of movement)
rigidity
tremour
postural instability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pathology of Parkinsonism in the basil ganglia

A

dopamine loss
Lewy bodies

17
Q

non-motor symptoms of parkinsons disease

A

ansonia (loss of sense of smell)
REM sleep behaviour disorder
autonomic symptoms (constipation, urinary)
hallucinations
depression, fatigue and pain

18
Q

treatment of Parkinson’s

A

levopada because it can cross the blood brain barrier and be converted to dopamine

19
Q
A