Stroke Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Types of cerebrovascular accidents

A

Ischaemia/ infarction

Intracranial haemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Risk factors

A

CVD (angina, MI, PVD)

Previous stroke/ TIA

AF

Carotid artery disease

HTN

Diabetes

Smoking

Vasculitis

Thrombophilia

COCP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Scoring tool to recognise stroke

A

ROSIER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Management of stroke <4.5h

A

Exclude intracranial haemorrgage

Thrombolysis with alteplase

Need monitoring for post thrombolysis complications (haemorrhage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Management of stroke >4.5h <6h

A

Thrombectomy if acute ischaemic stroke and confirmed occlusion of proximal anterior circulation on CTA or MRA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Treatment between 6-24h

A

Thrombectomy if confirmed occlusion of proximal anterior circulation on CTA/MRA and potential to salvage brain tissue, as shown by imaging such as CT perfusion or diffusion weighted MRI sequences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Secondary prevention

A

Clopidogrel 75mg OD

Aspirin plus modified-release dipyramidole in people who have had ischaemic stroke only if clopidogrel contraindicated (no more than 2 years)

Atorvastatin 80mg (not immediately)

Carotid endarterectomy or stenting in patients with carotid artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Contraindications to thrombolysis

A

Previous intracranial haemorrhage

Seizure at onset of stroke

Intracranial neoplasm

Suspected SAH

Stroke or traumatic brain injury in preceding 3 months

Lumbar puncture in proceeding 7 days

GI haemorrhage in previous 3 weeks

Active bleeding

Pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Initial management of stroke

A

Admit to specialist stroke centre

Exclude hypoglycaemia

Immediate CT brain to exclude primary intracerebral haemorrhage

Aspirin 300mg stat (oral or rectal) continued for 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Total anterior circulation infarcts

A

Involves middle and anterior cerebral arteries

Uinlateral hemiparesis and/or hemisensory loss of face/arm/leg

Homonymous hemianopia

Higher cognitive dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Partial anterior circulation infarcts

A

Involves smaller anteries of anterior circulation e.g. upper or lower division of middle cerebral artery

2 of the criteria present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lacunar infarcts

A

Involves perforating arteries around the internal capsule, thalamus and basal ganglia

Presents with 1 of
- unilateral weakness (and/or sensory deficit) of face and arm, arm and leg, or all 3
- pure sensory stroke
- ataxic hemiparesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Posterior circulation infarcts

A

Involves verterbobasilar arteries

Presents with 1 of
- cerebellar or brainstem syndromes
- LOC
- isolated homonymous hemianopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly